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Neuro I > Development of Nervous System > Flashcards

Development of Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

when do embroyonic germ layers appear?

A

3rd week

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2
Q

forms epidermis of the skin

A

surface ectoderm

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3
Q

forms the nervous system

A

neuroectoderm

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4
Q

“slipper” shaped plate of ectoderm that forms on the dorsal aspect of developing embryonic disc

A

nerual plate

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5
Q

when does the neural plate appear

A

day 16

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6
Q

structures that are believed to induce the ectoderm to thicken and form the neural plate

A

notochord and paraxial mesoderm

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7
Q

appear laterally on neural plate

A

neural folds

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8
Q

what part of the neural folds fuse first

A

middle

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9
Q

groove that appears in middle of neural plate

A

neural groove

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10
Q

forms the CNS

A

neural tube

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11
Q

formation of the neural tube

A

neurulation

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12
Q

what neopore closes first?

A

rostral 24 d.

caudal 27 d.

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13
Q

what does the neural canal become?

A

ventricular system of brain and central canal of spinal cord

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14
Q

when does CSF begin to form?

A

week 5

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15
Q

the brain develops from the …

A

cranial 2/3 of neural plate

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16
Q

the spinal cord develops from the…

A

caudal 1/3 of the neural plate

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17
Q

migrate to the developing pharyngeal arches of the future head and neck region ..

A

neural crest cells

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18
Q

what gives rise to CN V, VII, VII, IX, and X

A

neural crest cells

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19
Q

odontoblasts, parafollicular cells, cells of aortic and carotid bodies, and parasympathetic ganglia of the CN all arise from..

A

neural crest cells

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20
Q

ANS and DRG ganglia, neuroglia of PNS, adrenal medulla and melanocytes come from…

A

neural crest cells that migrate throughout the body

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21
Q

CNS neurons and neuroglia are derived from..

A

neuroepithelium of neural tube

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22
Q

how to neurons form…

A

between 4th-20th wks

migrate, form processes (dendrites, axons) and establish synaptic contact with other neurons.

23
Q

what happens if neurons fail to establish contacts…

A

If neurons fail to establish synaptic contacts, they undergo apoptosis (cell death)

24
Q

when do neuroglia begin to form?

A

glioblasts appear in ventricular zone at 19 weeks

25
Q

glioblasts develop into..

A

ependymocytes that line future ventricles, and central canal of the spianl cord and cover the choroid plexus

astrocytes

oligodendrocytes

26
Q

derived from hemopoietic cells that migrate to the CNS late in the fetal period, after the CNS has been penetrated by bv

A

microglia

27
Q

neurons in sensory and autonomic ganglia arise from the neural crest..

A

neurons

28
Q

satellite cells (the support cells in ganglia) and schwann cells, also arise from the neural crest

A

neuroglia

29
Q

when do the major divisions of the brain appear?

A

at the end of the 4th week

30
Q

will become the forebrain

A

prosencephalon

31
Q

will become the midbrain

A

mesencephalon

32
Q

will become the hindbrain

A

rhombencephalon

33
Q

the cerebral hemispheres and lateral ventricles are derived from..

A

telencephalon (from posencephalon)

34
Q

midbrain and cerebral aqueduct are derived from this..

A

mesencephalon

35
Q

pons and cerebellum and upper part of IV ventricle come from …

A

metencephalon from the rhombencephalon

36
Q

the thalami and III ventricle come from..

A

diencephalon (from posencephalon)

37
Q

the medulla oblongata and lower part of IV ventricle come from..

A

myelencephalon (From rhombencephalon)

38
Q

what flexure is located at the mesencephalon

A

cephalic flexure

39
Q

what flexure is located betweenthe metencephalon and myelencephalon

A

pontine flexure

40
Q

what flexure is located between rhombencephalon and spinal cord

A

cervical flexure

41
Q

what zones are found in the neural tube

A

ventricular zone

mantle zone

marginal zone (

42
Q

what is the future white matter?

A

marginal zone of neural tube

43
Q

what is the future gray matter

A

mantle zone of neural tube

  • consists of alar plates (interneurons) and basal plates (ventral -motor and lateral- autonomic)
44
Q

what forms the ependymal cells that line the ventricles of the brain and central canal of spinal cord

A

ventricular zone of neural tube

45
Q

the pia and arachnoid mater are derived from..

A

nerual crest

46
Q

the dura mater is derived from…

A

mesoderm

47
Q

CNS myelination

A

oligodendrocytes

begins prenatally continues until 3 yo, 20s in frontal

48
Q

motor roots are myelinated _________ to sensory roots

A

prior

49
Q

failure of the neural tube to close properly during the 1st month of pregnancy

A

spina bifida

occulta
meningocele
meningomyelocele
myeloschisis

50
Q

most sever type of spina bifida

A

myeloshcisis

51
Q

cranium bifidum

A

defet in bone which allows meninges/more to protrude from back of head

cranium bifidum with meningocele

meningoencephalocele

meningohydroencephalocele

52
Q

most severe cranium bifidum

A

meninges, brain and part of ventricular system protrude from head

53
Q

failure of the rostral neuropore to close

A

exencephaly

meroaencephaly, acrania and rachischisis

may be indicated by elevated levels of alpha fetoprotein

Neuro I (11 decks)

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