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Neurology > Neuroembryo > Flashcards

Neuroembryo Flashcards

1
Q

<p>primary neurolation</p>

A

<p>4 weeks</p>

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2
Q

<p>Drug that cuses NTD</p>

A

<p>valporoic acid</p>

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3
Q

Prosencephalon to

A

Diencephalon

Telensephalon

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4
Q

Rhombencephalon

A

Metencephalon

Myelencephalon

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5
Q

Neural groove milestone

A

18 days

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6
Q

Beginning of myelination

A

4 weeks

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7
Q

Myelination complete

A

2 years

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8
Q

Total failure of neurulination

Most aborted spontaneously

A

Craniorachischis totalis

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9
Q

Failure of anterior neural tube closure

“frog like”

A

Anencephaly

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10
Q

Defect extends from the level of the lamina terminalis to the foramen magnum

A

Holoanencephaly

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11
Q

posterior neural tube closure failure

A

Myeloschisis

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12
Q

Restricted disorder of anterior neural tube closure
frontal lesions are common in SE countries
80% of cases in occipital area
50% - hydrocephalus

A

Encephalocele

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13
Q

Restricted failure of POSTERIOR neural tube closure

80% lumbar area

A

Myelomeningocele

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14
Q 
Occiputal encephalocele
Microcephaly
Microphalmia
Cleft lip and palate
Polydactyly
Polycystic kidneys
Ambiguous genitalia
A

Meckel Syndrome

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15
Q

Ambiguous genitalia is seen also in?

A

Smith lenly Opitz syndrome and

Congenital Adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

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16
Q

What is Potter’s syndrome?

A

pulmonary hypertension
potter face
prune belly

17
Q

What are the organs displaced in Arnold Chiari malformation

A

Medulla and 4th Ventricle - inferior displacement
Medulla and pons - elongation and thinning
Lower cerebellum - inferior displacement to the foramen magnum
Defects in the foramen magnum. Occiput and cervical vertebrae

18
Q

When is palatoplasty indicated?

A

10 weeks
10lbs
10 Hgb

19
Q

Holoprosencephaly is associated with these chromosomal abnormalities

A 
Trisomy 13-15( patau)
Trisomy 18 ( Edwards)
20
Q

2 types of Neuronal Proliferation

A

Micrencephaly

Macrencephaly

21
Q

Macrencephaly is associated with what syndroms?

A

Tuberous sclerosis
Neurofibromatosis
Sturge Webber syndrome

22
Q

What are the disorders of Neuronal Migration?

A

Shcizencephaly
Lissencephaly
Pachygyria
Neuronal Heterotopias

23
Q

Complete agenesis of a portion of the germinative zone

Pial- ependymal seam

A

Schizencephaly

24
Q

Smooth brain or no gyri

A

Lissencephaly

25
Q

Cobblestone appearance

A

Lissencephaly type 2

26
Q

Wrinkled chest nut

A

Polymicrogyria

27
Q

Presence of Cyst

A

Porencephaly

28
Q 
Agenesis of the corpus callosum
Female
Chorioretinal lacunae
Seizures
Infantile spasm
Cerebral cortical heterotopias
Costovertebral defects
A

Aicardi Syndrome

29
Q

Cystic Dilatation of the 4th ventricle
Agenesis of the cerebellar vermis
Hydrocephalus

A

Dandy Walker Malformation

30
Q

MC cause of congenital hydrocephalus

A

Aqueductal stenosis

Neurology (6 decks)

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