Neurodevelopmental Disorders Flashcards
Why is the development of children important for parents and caregivers?
It ensures children can achieve their maximum potential and meet expectations for growth and success.
Why is there a focus on understanding neurodevelopmental processes?
To address the concerns of guardians and provide support for those seeking to understand children’s development.
Why are early years critical in child development?
Early experiences shape how we respond to the world and form relationships.
What is the benefit of early intervention for developmental challenges?
Early support and corrections improve long-term outcomes for children.
How do developmental factors complicate childhood pathology?
Typical developmental factors can make it harder to diagnose or differentiate between normal behavior and pathology.
What is a key debate regarding psychopathology in infants?
Whether a baby can develop psychopathology or if the absence of a developed “self” prevents it.
How are adult conditions connected to childhood development?
Many adult psychological conditions have roots in early developmental experiences.
Why is early intervention important in child and adolescent pathology?
It helps prevent long-term consequences and promotes better outcomes through timely support.
How does the self-other relationship change over time according to Sameroff’s model?
It evolves from being coregulated by others to becoming a fully formed, independent self.
How do others influence our behavior over time?
Our behaviors are initially shaped by others, but this influence changes as we develop.
What does Sameroff’s (2010) Biopsychosocial Continuity Model highlight?
It shows how interactions between self, family, culture, and institutions shape development over time.
Why is individual psychopathology limited during infancy?
Because the self is not fully developed, limiting the capacity to regulate behavior.
What does the model suggest about psychopathology in later development?
As the self evolves, individual psychopathology can become more apparent
Why are young children more dependent on others emotionally?
They are more codependent and coregulated by others during early development.
What are the three key reciprocal determinants of development according to Wilmshurst (2013)?
1) Environment, 2) Behavior, 3) Personal attributes.
What does Winnicott’s Still Face Experiment suggest about infants?
“There is no such thing as a baby,” emphasizing that the mother-child relationship is central to the infant’s development.
How do children influence their environment according to the Reciprocal Determinants model?
Through behavior and by developing cognitive strengths and personal attributes over time.
What is the nature of the processes described in the Reciprocal Determinants model?
They are multidetermined and bidirectional, shaping who we become through interactions between behavior, environment, and personal factors.
What happens when a child receives a negative evaluation at school?
They might act out, which challenges the environment and can reinforce further negative behavior, showing the bidirectional impact between behavior and surroundings.
How does the child-environment interaction evolve with age?
Initially unaware, children gradually realize their potential to modify their environment and relationships as they grow older.
What does Bronfenbrenner’s Behavioral Model emphasize about behavior?
Behavior occurs in a context influenced by multiple layers, including family, peers, community, and culture.
What is the role of the chronosystem in Bronfenbrenner’s model?
It adds a temporal dimension, considering environmental events and life transitions over time.
How do individual characteristics and broader systems interact in development?
While individual traits matter, behavior is shaped by interactions with family, peers, communities, and cultural systems.
What happens as we age, according to Bronfenbrenner?
Our “selves” gradually emerge and intertwine with the capacity for individual psychopathology.