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PCOL > Neurodegenerative Disorders > Flashcards

Neurodegenerative Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Depends on the ionic composition of neurons and depende on the specific ion and direction of the movement

A

Synaptic Potentials

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2
Q

movement of ions that results in a depolarization of the
postsynaptic membrane

A

Stimulation/excitation

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3
Q

Release of more excitatory NT, all-or-none action
potential

A

EPSP

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4
Q

movement of ions that results in a hyperpolarization of
the postsynaptic membrane

A

Inhibition

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5
Q

Excitatory neurotransmitter

A

Glutamate and ACH

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6
Q

Inhibitory neurotransmitter

A

GABA and glysine

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7
Q

progressive loss of selected neurons in discrete brain areas, resulting in characteristic disorders of movement, cognition, or both.

A

Neurodegenerative Diseases

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8
Q

blocks dopamine
⚬ pseudoparkinsonism

A

Phenothiazine, haloperidol

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9
Q

Precursor, active constituent and prodrug of dopamine

A

Levodopa

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10
Q

enhancing the synthesis of dopamine in the surviving neurons of the substantia nigra

A

Levodopa

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11
Q

dopamine decarboxylase inhibitor
prevents premature metabolism of levodopa

A

Carbidopa

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12
Q

taken at an empty stomach for faster absorption

A

Levodopa + Carbidopa

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13
Q

high protein meals interfere with levodopa transport

A

Levodopa + Carbidopa

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14
Q

Has an A/E in peripheral ■ anorexia, nausea, and vomiting occur because of stimulation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone

A

Levodopa + Carbidopa

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15
Q

Has an A/E in CNS. visual and auditory hallucinations and abnormal involuntary movements (dyskinesias) may occur

A

Levodopa + Carbidopa

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16
Q

5x more potentn than Selegiline

A

rasagiline

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17
Q

metabolized to methamphetamine and amphetamine
Causes insomniainbeyondmid-afternoonadministration

A

Selegiline

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18
Q

Has a little no effect hepatic necrosis

A

entacapone

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19
Q

More wildy used and replaces tolcapone in the marker

A

entacapone

20
Q

Metabolize by largest cytochrome CYP450 1A2

A

Ropinirole

21
Q

half-life increased by Cimetidine

A

Pramipexole

22
Q

OD transdermal patch (up to 24 hours), prevents DA reuptake

A

Rotigotine
Apomorphine

23
Q

Firtly an antiviral used as a flu medication

A

Amantadine

24
Q

• if dopamine at maximum, no effect

A

Amantadine

25
Q

accidentally discovered that has an effect on can be anti parkinsonism

A

Amantadine

26
Q

dryness of the mouth in medical term

A

xerostomia

27
Q

augment ACh action at nicotinic receptors

A

Gallantamine

28
Q

mgt of dementia associated with parkinson’s dse

A

Rivastigmine

29
Q

excitotoxic effects on neurons and is suggested as a mechanism for neurodegenerative or apoptotic processes

A

overstimulation

30
Q

Avail in oral preparation often given with AChE inhibitor

A

Memantine

31
Q

for severe Alzheimer’s dse. blocksNMDAR→limitCa2+→Xtoxicintracellularlevels

A

Memantine

32
Q

synthetic polypeptide that resembles myelin protein • may act as a decoy to T-cell attack

A

Glatiramer

33
Q

• may improve survival time and delay the need for ventilator support

A

Riluzole

34
Q

characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons which results to the inability to initiate or control muscle movement

A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

35
Q

oral potassium channel blocker
• improves walking speeds in patients with MS

A

Dalfampridine

36
Q

cytotoxic anthracycline analog that kills T cells

A

Mitoxantrone

37
Q

monoclonal antibody for MS patients who failed the first-line therapies

A

Natalizumab

38
Q

may alter the cellular response to oxidative stress to reduce disease progression

A

Dimethyl fumarate

39
Q

Adverse effects
⚬ elevated liver enzymes ⚬ avoidinpregnancy

A

Teriflunomide

40
Q

Adverse effects
⚬ flushing
⚬ abdominalpain

A

Dimethyl fumarate

41
Q

alters lymphocyte migration → fewer lymphocytes in the
CNS

A

Fingolimod

42
Q

Adverse effect
⚬ first-dosebradycardia
⚬ ↑riskofinfectionandmacularedema

A

Fingolimod

43
Q

synthetic polypeptide that resembles myelin protein • may act as a decoy to T-cell attack

A

Glatiramer

44
Q

Adverse effects
⚬ postinjectionreaction
■ flushing, chest pain, anxiety, itching
■ self-limiting

A

Glatiramer

45
Q

help diminish the inflammatory responses that lead to demyelination of axon sheaths

A

Interferon B1a & B1b

46
Q

autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating dse of the CNS
• spasticity, constipation, bladder dysfunction, depression

A

Multiple sclerosis

PCOL (4 decks)

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