Neurobiology of Cognition Flashcards
What is a specific way to test verbal fluency (frontal lobe function)?
List as many words beginning with F in 60 seconds
10-15 words is normal function
What is involved in the Luria step test for frontal lobe function?
Show sequence of movements and ask patient to copy in the right order
List all the functions of the parietal lobe
Distinguish right and left
Reading
Writing
Body orientation
Calculations
Two point discrimination
Graphesthesia
What is graphesthesia?
Ability to recognise writing on the skin without looking (pure sensation)
List clinical features of damage to the dominant hemisphere of the parietal lobe
Dysphasia
Dyscalculia
Dyslexia
Apraxia
Agnosia
List clinical features of damage to the non-dominant hemisphere of the parietal lobe
Spatial disorientation
Constructional/dressing apraxia
List all the functions of the temporal lobe
Speech
Emotion
Hearing
Memory
Sense of identity
Recognising faces
Which lobe of the brain is the primary visual reception area?
Occipital lobe
Where is Broca’s area in the brain?
Left inferolateral aspect of frontal lobe
Where is Wernicke’s area in the brain?
Left posterosuperior aspect of temporal lobe
What is Broca’s aphasia?
Non-fluent, effortful type of language that ultimately is meaningful
Slow rate of speech with limited word output
What is Wernicke’s aphasia?
Fluent, excessive type of language filled with errors that make speech non-meaningful
Nonsense vocab and grammar
Individuals with Wernicke’s aphasia understand language spoken to them. True/False?
False
Individuals with Broca’s aphasia understand language spoken to them
Which individuals typically lack insight into their disability - those which Broca’s or Wernicke’s aphasia?
Wernicke’s
Broca’s aphasia individuals are typically depressed due to awareness of their disability
List the main structures of the limbic system
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Cingulate gyrus
Hypothalamus
