Neurobiology, Anatomy and function of muscle tissue and endocrine system

Question 1

To the central nervous system belong:

a) Spinal nerves
b) Cerebellum
c) Spinal cord
d) Cranial nerves

Answer 1

b) Cerebellum

c) Spinal cord

Question 2

Neurons consist of

a) Axon
b) Cell body
c) Dendrites
d) Myelin sheath

Answer 2

a) Axon
b) Cell body
c) Dendrites

Question 3

Find the right structure-function pairs:

Hypothalamus

Cerebellum

Cerebrum

Hippocampus

Answer 3

Hypothalamus - control of vegetative processes

Cerebellum - coordination of complex movements

Cerebrum - association (“intelligence”)

Hippocampus - memory

Question 4

The “fight-or-flight reaction” is mediated by

a) the forebrain
b) parts of the autonomous nervous system
c) the sympathetic nervous system
d) the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 4

b) parts of the autonomous nervous system

c) the sympathetic nervous system

Question 5

Name the three major domains of the human brain

Answer 5

a) Forebrain
b) Midbrain
c) Hindbrain

Question 6

Name the characteristic subdomain of the lowest part of the brain

Answer 6

d) Cerebellum

Question 7

In the synaptic cleft there are
a)  released neurotransmitters
b)  neurotransmitter dependent Na+
channels
c)  voltage gated Ca2+ channels
d)  enzymes for neurotransmitter degradation

Answer 7

a) released neurotransmitters

b) neurotransmitter dependent Na+
channels

d) enzymes for neurotransmitter degradation

Question 8

Which of the following statements are true:
a) anesthetics block voltage gated sodium channels;
b) sympathetic nerves are required for relaxation;
c) sensory nerves enter the spinal cord via the
ventral-root;
d) the neuromuscular junction works like an
electrical synapse.

Answer 8

a) anesthetics block voltage gated sodium channels;

Question 9

The anatomical units of a skeletal muscle from macroscopic to microscopic size are:

a) muscle fascicle – m. fibril – m. fiber – muscle
b) muscle – m. fibril – m. fiber – m. triple-helix
c) muscle – m. fascicle – m. fiber – m. fibril
d) muscle fascicle – m. fiber – m. fibril - sarcomere

Answer 9

c) muscle – m. fascicle – m. fiber – m. fibril

d) muscle fascicle – m. fiber – m. fibril - sarcomere

Question 10

All types of muscle tissues have:

a) a striated banding pattern seen under the microscope
b) cells that lengthen when appropriately stimulated
c) a response that can be consciously controlled
d) interactions between actin and myosin

Answer 10

d) interactions between actin and myosin

Question 11

The type of muscle tissue associated with internal organs, other than the heart, is:

a) skeletal muscle
b) cardiac muscle
c) striated muscle
d) smooth muscle

Answer 11

d) smooth muscle

Question 12

To the endocrine system belong as glands:

a) adenohypophysis
b) parathyroid glands
c) salivary glands
d) ovaries

Answer 12

a) adenohypophysis
b) parathyroid glands
d) ovaries