Molecular Biology and Genetics Flashcards
Carrier of genetic information (genes) in majority of organisms is:
a) mDNA
b) DNA
c) ribonucleic acid
d) desoxyribonucleic acid
b) DNA
d) desoxyribonucleic acid
Basic building unit of nucleic acids is:
a) nucleotide
b) nitrogenous organic base, pentose and sulphuric acid
c) purine or pyrimidine base, pentose and H3PO4
d) purine or pyridine base, pentose and H3PO4
a) nucleotide
c) purine or pyrimidine base, pentose and H3PO4
Between two polynucleotide DNA chains there exists an important relation called:
a) complementarity principle
b) compensation principle
c) coequality principle
d) compatibleness principle
a) complementarity principle
DNA gets duplicated in:
a) replication
b) transcription
c) each cycle of a Polymerase-Chain-Reaction (PCR)
d) S-phase of cell cycle
a) replication
c) each cycle of a Polymerase-Chain-Reaction (PCR)
d) S-phase of cell cycle
Two hydrogen bonds are found between the base pairs
a) guanine with cytosine
b) thymine with adenine
c) cytosine with thymine
d) adenine with uracil
b) thymine with adenine
d) adenine with uracil
Genes out from nucleus in eukaryotic cells are in:
a) mitochondrion
b) chloroplast
c) cytoskeleton
d) Golgi system
a) mitochondrion
b) chloroplast
DNA and RNA differ in:
a) type of saccharide
b) primary structure
c) secondary structure
d) enzyme that catalyzes their synthesis
a) type of saccharide
b) primary structure
c) secondary structure
d) enzyme that catalyzes their synthesis
A gene is a physical and functional unit of heredity that encodes for a:
a) RNA
b) polysachcaride
c) protein
d) DNA
a) RNA
c) protein
When sequence of bases in gene (DNA) is CAA AAC TGT GCG TCA TTA CCA,
sequence of anticodons in tRNA at protein synthesis will be:
a) CAA CCA UCU CGG UCA UUA CCA
b) CAA AAC UGU GCG UCA UUA CCA
c) CAA CCA TGT GCG TCA TTA CCA
d) CAA CCA UCU CGC UCA UUA CCA
b) CAA AAC UGU GCG UCA UUA CCA
Both DNA-strands of a double helix can be separated from each other via exposure to heat. In which order would the following DNA molecules melt at increasing temperature?
a)
5’-AAATATTTACTGTAATATTTTCCAGTTTATATATCGA-3’
3’-TTTATAAATGACATTATAAAAGGTCAAATATATAGCT-5’
b) 5’-GGGCGCCCGTGAACCGATAGAGGTCGCGCGCGAAGGC-3’
3’-CCCGCGGGCACTTGGCTAT CTCC AGCGCGCGCTT CCG-3’
c)
5’-ATGCCGATGGTGAATTTAG-3’
3’-TACGGCTACCACTTAAA TC-3’
- c) (weil am kleinsten)
- a)
- b) (Weil am meisten C-G-Paarungen –> die mit den 3 H-bonds)
In crossing of two different homozygotes (AA x aa), in dominancy, offspring in F1 will be: a) uniform b) in ratio 1:1 c) genotypically identical d) homozygous only
a) uniform
c) genotypically identical
How many different types of gametes could be produced
by an individual with the arbitrary genotype of AAbbCCDdEe?
a) two
b) four
c) eight
d) more than eight
b) four
What is the right set of genotypes within the F1 generation of the shown pedigree:
B-A (B=male; A=female)
…I…
O — B — AB — A
a) 00; BB; AB; A0
b) 00; B0; AB; AA
c) 00; B0; AB; A0
d) 0A; BA; AB; A0
c) 00; B0; AB; A0
Grandmother has autosomal dominant trait. Her daughter does not have this trait (she is recessive homozygous). Father of a child is heterozygous for mentioned trait. Probability that grandchild will have grandmother’s form of trait is:
a) 75%
b) one quarter
c) half
d) cannot have dominant trait
c) half
About dihybridism it is known that:
a) in crossing two pairs of alleles are transferred at the same time
b) dihybrid AaBb produces two types of gametes
c) dihybrid AABB produces one type of gamete
d) dihybrid AaBb produces four types of gametes
a) in crossing two pairs of alleles are transferred at the same time
c) dihybrid AABB produces one type of gamete
d) dihybrid AaBb produces four types of gametes
