Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3.2 Neuroanatomy > Neuroanatomy- Ascending and Descending Tracts > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy- Ascending and Descending Tracts Flashcards

1
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

A

31 pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the pathway from spinal cord

A

Spinal cord –> Rootlets –> Roots –> Pass through subarachnoid space until reach intervertebral foramina –> Posterior root enlarged by dorsal root ganglion –> Roots fuse to form spinal nerve –> Posterior and anterior rami

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In the PNS which cells produce myelination?

A

Swann cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the name of cone-shaped formed by the termination of the spinal cord?

A

Conus medullaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the conus medullaris continue on as?

A

Filum terminale which is a thin connective tissue cord anchored to dorsal of coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 layers of the meninges?

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the name of the ribbon of tissue on the lateral aspect of the spinal cord that suspends it in the canal?

A

Denticulate ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which space in the spinal meninges is filled with CSF?

A

Subarachnoid space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the white matter consist of in the spinal cord?

A

Longitudinally oriented nerves fibres (axons), glial cells and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the grey matter consist of in the spinal cord?

A 
Neuronal soma
Cell processes
Synapses
Glia
Blood vesselsq
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The small central canal in the spinal cord contains what?

A

CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which ventricle does the small central canal in the spinal cord open into?

A

The 4th ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the three columns in the white matter?

A

Posterior
2 Lateral
Anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the four parts that make up the ‘H’ grey matter in the spinal cord?

A

Left and right posterior horns

Left and right anterior horns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

At which spinal levels is there also a lateral horn?

A

T1- L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What neurons does the lateral horn contain?

A

Preganglionic sympathetic neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the three major longitudinal arteries and what are their origins?

A

One anterior spinal artery
Two posterior spinal arteries
Originate from the vertebral arteries and run the length of the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 3 segmental arteries?

A

Vertebral artery
Intercostal artery
Lumbar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the arteries that travel along the dorsal and ventral roots?

A

Posterior and anterior radicular arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do cervical vertebrae look like?

A

Rugby ball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The further down the vertebral column the more. white/grey matter?

A

Grey matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the venous drainage of the spinal cord?

A

Posterior internal vertebral venous plexus

Anterior internal vertebral venous plexus

23
Q

What is the name of the space between the dura and bone in the spinal canal?

A

Epidural space

24
Q

Where is the primary somatosensory cortex?

A

On the post-central gyrus

25
Q

Do sensory fibres cross the midline?

A

Yes, thus the left side of the body is represented on the right cortex

26
Q

How does information from periphery reach the somatosensory cortex?

A

Travel spinal cord (except face and scalp)

27
Q

Why is there more grey matter in the cervical vertebrae?

A

Need more grey matter for more sensation in head and neck

28
Q

What are the two ascending tracts that make up the dorsal column?

A

Fasciculus gracilis

Fasciculus cuneatus

29
Q

What information is carried in the dorsal column?

A

Fine touch and conscious proprioception

30
Q

Where do fibres cross in the dorsal column?

A

Fibres cross in medulla

31
Q

How many neurons are involved in the relay from leg to cortex in sending sensory information in the dorsal column?

A

3!

32
Q

Is spinothalamic ascending or descending?

A

Ascending (sensory)

33
Q

What information does the spinothalamic tract carry?

A

Pain, temperature and deep pressue

34
Q

Where do fibres cross in the spinothalamic tract?

A

Fibres cross segmentally (immediately)

35
Q

Where is the primary motor cortex?

A

Precentral gyrus

36
Q

Right cortex controls muscles on the right/left side of the body?

A

Left side of body (contralateral)

37
Q

Motor information is relayed via the ascending/descending tract?

A

Descending tract

38
Q

Give examples of descending tracts?

A

Corticospinal tract
Tectospinal tract
Reticulospinal tract
Vestibulospinal tract

39
Q

What does the corticospinal tract divide into?

A

Lateral and anterior CST

40
Q

What information does the corticospinal tract carry?

A

Fine, precise movement. particularly of distal limb muscles (e.g. digits)

41
Q

What is the corticospinal tract also called and why?

A

Pyramidal tract because there are ‘pyramids’ on the anterior surface of the medulla.

42
Q

Which fibres in the CST cross, lateral or anterior?

A

Lateral

43
Q

A cerebral vascular accident can result in lack of descending control of corticospinal tract, what clinical impairment occurs?

A

Spastic paralysis with hyeprflexion of upper limbs

44
Q

Where do the lateral fibres of CST cross?

A

Caudal medulla

45
Q

Where is input mostly from in the tectospinal tract?

A

Cervical segments

46
Q

What motor movements do the tectospinal tract mediate?

A

Reflex head and neck movement due to visual stimuli- tracking function

47
Q

Is the reticulospinal tract ascending or descending?

A

Descending (motor)

48
Q

Where do fibres originate in the reticulospinal tract?

A

Pons and medulla

49
Q

What movements do fibres originating in the pons facilitate in the reticulospinal tract?

A

Extensor movement and inhibit flexor movements

50
Q

How do movements in the reticulospinal tract originating in the medulla differ from the pons?

A

Facilitate and inhibit opposite movements

51
Q

Is the vestibulospinal tract ascending or descending?

A

Descending motor

52
Q

What information is carried in the vestibulospinal tract?

A

Excitatory input to “antigravity” extensor muscles

Falling forwards and counteracting it

53
Q

Where do fibres originate in the vestibulospinal tract?

A

Vestibular nuclei of pons and medulla

54
Q

What clinical symptoms do patients exhibit in vestibulospinal tract abnormalities?

A

Decerebrate rigidity

Paraplegia in extension

3.2 Neuroanatomy (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions