Neuroanatomy 3 Flashcards
How many lobes does the cerebellum have?
3 - anterior, posterior and flocculonodular
How does the cerebellum attach to the brainstem?
via 3 peduncles (‘feet’) - middle, superior, inferior
What separates the 2 hemispheres of the cerebellum?
Vermis (worm)
What are the 3 layers of the cerebelllar cortex?
Molecular layer (outer) - few neurones, lots of synapses
Purkinje layer
Granular layer - lots of neurones
Why is the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex a dark colour?
Because there is a vast number of neuones
Is the cerebellum a contralateral or ipsilateral organ?
Ipsilateral
What are the 3 functional units of the cerebellum?
Cerebrocerebellum - planning movements and motor learning
Spinocerebellum - regulating body movements, error correction and receives proprioceptive info
Vestibulocerebellium - controlling balance and occular reflexes
What would a unilateral hemispheric lesion in the cerebellum cause?
Disturbance in co-ordination in limbs, unsteady gait and intention tremor
What would a midline lesion in the cerebellum cause?
Disturbance of postural control
What would a bilateral cerebellar dysfunction cause?
Slowed, slurred speech (dysarthria)
Bilateral inco-ordination of arms
Staggering, wide-based gait (cerebellar ataxia)
What are the functions of the basal ganglia?
Facilitate purposeful movement
Inhibit unwanted movements
Posture and muscle tone
What are the basal ganglia?
A number of masses of grey matter found at the base of each cerebral hemisphere
What are the 5 basal ganglia?
Caudate nucleus Putamen Globus pallidus Subthalamic nucleus Substantia nigra
What makes up the lenticular nucleus?
Putamen
Globus pallidus
What makes up the striatum?
Caudate nucleus
Putamen
