Neuroanatomy 1 Flashcards
<p>what is the CNS </p>
<p>spinal cord and brain </p>
<p>What is the PNS </p>
<p>cranial nerves (12 pairs) spinal nerves (31 pairs_ </p>
<p>what does the telencephalon from </p>
<p>cerebral hemispheres</p>
<p>what does the diencephalon form </p>
<p>thalamus and hypothalamus </p>
<p>what does the mesencephalon form </p>
<p>mid brain </p>
<p>what does the metencephalon form </p>
<p>pons, cerebellum </p>
<p>what does the mylencephalon form </p>
<p>medulla </p>
<p>what structures form the brainstem </p>
<p>midbrain, pons and medulla </p>
<p>what do neurons do </p>
<p>communicate information </p>
<p>how to neurons communicate information </p>
<p>receive it via dendrites they integrate info and transmit impulses to other neurons or effector cells via axons </p>
<p>what does multipolar neuron mean </p>
<p>the neuron has multiple dendrites </p>
<p>what are glial cells </p>
<p>cells which hold the CNS together:
Astrocytes
Oligodendricytes
Microglia </p>
<p>what do astrocytes do </p>
<p>attach to capillaries to support and maintain the blood brain barrier and environmental homeostasis </p>
<p>what do oligodendrocytes do </p>
<p>PRODUCE MYELIN </p>
<p>what do microglia cells do </p>
<p>macrophage like cells
immune monitoring and antigen presenting
live inside CNS waiting for infection - when activates processes pull in and they become like macrophages </p>
<p>What do ependymal cells do </p>
<p>line ventricles and PRODUCE CSF </p>
<p>what are gyri </p>
<p>sticky outy bits of brain lol </p>
<p>what are sulci </p>
<p>deep bits of brain </p>
<p>what are fissures </p>
<p>just deep sulci - can press finger in and it disappears lol </p>
<p>where is grey matter located in the brain </p>
<p>around the outside
| also grey matter cord in middle of brain </p>
<p>what makes up grey matter </p>
<p>Neuron body cells
| Glial cells </p>
<p>where is white matter located in the brain </p>
<p>forms the core </p>
<p>what makes up white matter </p>
<p>ONLY neuron cell processes NOT BODIES
support cells </p>
<p>where is the grey matter in the spinal cord </p>
<p>on the INSIDE </p>
<p>where is the white matter in the spinal cord </p>
<p>on the OUTSIDE </p>
<p>what shape does the grey matter take on in the spinal cord </p>
H shape - made up of 2 posterior and 2 anterior horns
white matter forms columns around this
what is the first sulcus to develop
central sulcus
where is the primary motor cortex
pre-central gyrus
where is the primary somatosensory cortex
post-central gyrus
what fissure goes between to cerebral hemispheres
great longitudinal fissure
what are the lobes of the cerebral hemispheres
Frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital
where is the demarcation point of the visual cortex
Calcarine sulcus
what is the corpus callous
big band of white matter
communication point between one hemisphere and the other
what does the 4th ventricle sit between
cerebellum and pons
what is the insular lobe
a 5th lobe located underneath the temporal lobe - deep to others
important in experience of pain
what are the 3 meninges
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
where is the 3rd ventricle located
between the lateral ventricles
where is the 4th ventricle located
between medulla and pons
where is CSF made
choroid plexus
CSF circulation summary
choroid plexus two lateral ventricles to third ventricle to forth ventricle to central canal of spinal cord or into subarachnoid space leading to reabsorption by venous system
what does CSF travel through to get from the lateral ventricles to the 3rd ventricle
inter ventricular foramen
what does CSF travel through to get from the 3rd to the 4th ventricle
cerebral aqueduct
what is the enteric nervous system
Gut’s own nervous system - 2 large plexuses in gut
what is the arterial blood supply to the brain
Internal carotids Basilar artery (runs along base) Anterior cerebral arteries Middle cerebral arteries vertebral arteries
Circle of willis in middle
how is blood drained from the brain
inter cavernous sinuses
cavernous sinuses
Via the dural venous sinuses which train into the internal jugular vein
