Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3 Neurology > Anatomy 1 (basics) > Flashcards

Anatomy 1 (basics) Flashcards

1
Q

what makes up the PNS

A

cranial and spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what makes up a neuron

A

dendrites
cell body
axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what do you call a collection of neural bodies in the PNS

A

ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what do dendrites do

A

receive information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what do axons do

A

transmit impulses to communicate with another neuron or effector cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a multipolar neuron

A

most common kind

multiple dendrites to one axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a unipolar neuron

A

one cell body with two processes - looks like a straight line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what type of neuron are motor neurons

A

multipolar neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what type of neuron are sensory neurons

A

unipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where is the cell body of multipolar neurons found

A

in the CNS

sends info out of the CNS into the PNS towards muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where is the cell body found in unipolar neurons

A

PNS

sends info up into the CNS to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is a nerve

A

axons surrounded by connective tissue and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is a single modality nerve

A

a nerve where all the axon bundles have the same function (eg. all somatic motor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the types of function a nerve can have

A 
somatic motor 
somatic sensory 
special sensory 
sympathetic 
parasympathetic 
visceral afferent
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a mixed modality nerve

A

most nerves!!

mix of axon bundles with different functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the 12 cranial nerves

A 
I - olfactory 
II- optic 
III- oculomotor 
IV - trochlear 
V- trigeminal 
VI- abducens 
VII- facial 
VIII- vestibulocochlear 
IX - glossopharyngeal 
X - Vagus 
XI- spinal accessory 
XII- hypoglossal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how many spinal nerves are there

A

31 pairs

8 cervical 
12 thoracic 
5 lumber 
5 sacral 
1 coccygeal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where are the spinal nerves found

A

ONLY in the intervertebral foramina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do the spinal nerves connect to the vertebrae

A

via roots and then rootlets

20
Q

how to spinal nerves leave the intervertebral foramina

A

anterior and posterior rami

21
Q

which rami is smaller anterior or posterior

A

posterior

22
Q

what travels along posterior roots

A

SENSORY information (push ur feelings to the back xx)

23
Q

what travels along anterior roots

A

MOTOR information

24
Q

main difference between roots and rami

A

Rami have mixed motor and sensory information

Roots always have either sensory or motor NEVER MIXED (posterior = sensory, anterior = motor)

25
Q

what path do all motor axons take

A

From anterior horn of spinal cord into anterior rootlets then into anterior root then into spinal cord

26
Q

what path do all sensory axons take

A

From posterior horn into posterior rootlets then into posterior root and into spinal cord

27
Q

what do each spinal nerve pair supply a body segment with

A

general sensory supply to all structures

somatic motor supply to skeletal muscles

sympathetic nerve supply to skin and smooth muscle of arterioles

28
Q

what is a dermatome

A

area of skin supplied with sensory info from a single spinal nerve

29
Q

what is a myotome

A

skeletal muscles supplied with motor innervation from a single spinal nerve

30
Q

what dermatome is the nipple

A

T4

31
Q

what dermatome is the umbilicus

A

T10

32
Q

what dermatomes cover the upper limbs

A

C5-T1

33
Q

what dermatomes cover the lower limb, gluteal region and perineum

A

L2-Co1

34
Q

what are nerve plexuses

A

intermingled anterior rami from a number of spinal nerves (cross over between the nerves at the rami)

35
Q

what spinal nerves form the cervical plexus

A

C1-C4

36
Q

where does the cervical plexus innervate

A

posterior scalp
neck
diaphragm (C3,4,5 keeps the diaphragm alive)

37
Q

what nerves form the brachia plexus

A

C5-T1

upper limb

38
Q

What nerves form the lumbar plexus

A

L1-L4

lower limb

39
Q

what nerves form the sacral plexus

A

L5-S4

lower limb, gluteal region and perineum

40
Q

where does sympathetic outflow leave the spinal cord

A

thoracolumbar

T1-L2

41
Q

what makes T1-L2 different

A

they have lateral horns - sympathetic nerve cell bodies

42
Q

what are the 4 paths that can be taken by sympathetic nerves

A
  1. Ascend up sympathetic trunk and then synapse
  2. Synapse at level of entry
  3. Descend down sympathetic trunk and then synapse
  4. Don’t synapse in sympathetic trunk and enter an abdominopelvic splanchnic nerve
43
Q

how do parasympathetic axons leave the CNS

A

Crania-Sacral

CN III, VII, IX and X
sacral nerves

44
Q

what is Horner’s syndrome

A

Impaired sympathetic innervation to head and neck

45
Q

Symptoms of Horner’s syndrome

A 
root of neck trauma 
carotid distension 
internal jugular vein engorgement 
deep cervical node metastases 
pancoast tumour (In lung apex)

3 Neurology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions