Neuro-terminology

Question 1

Diencephalon

Answer 1

Thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, epithalamus

Question 2

Prosencephalon

Answer 2

Forebrain - consists of telenchephalon and diencephalon

Question 3

Mesencephalon

Answer 3

Midbrain - tectum and tegmentum

Question 4

Rhombencephalon

Answer 4

Hindbrain - consists of the metenecephalon (cerebellum and pons) and the myencephalon (medulla)

Question 5

Telencephalon

Answer 5

Cerebrum, hippocampus, basal ganglia amygdala

Question 6

Metencephalon

Answer 6

Cerebellum and pons

Question 7

Akinesia

Answer 7

The inability to initiate movement (Parkinsons)

Question 8

Asthenia

Answer 8

Generalized weakness (cerebellar pathology)

Question 9

Ataxia

Answer 9

The inability to perform coordinated movements

Question 10

Athetosis

Answer 10

A condition that presents with involuntary movements combined with instability of posture. Peripheral movements occur without central stability

Question 11

Bradykinesia

Answer 11

Slow movements

Question 12

Chorea

Answer 12

Movements that are sudden, random, and involuntary

Question 13

Clasp-knife response

Answer 13

A form of resistance see during ROM with a hypertonic joint where there is greatest resistance at the initiation of range that lessons with movement through the ROM

Question 14

Cogwheel rigidity

Answer 14

A form of rigidity where resistance to movement has a phasic quality to it (Parkinsons)

Question 15

Dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 15

The inability to perform rapidly alternating movements

Question 16

Dysmetria

Answer 16

The inability to control the range of movement and the force of muscular activity

Question 17

Dysona

Answer 17

A condition of involuntary movement with larger axial muscle involvement (similar to athetosis)

Question 18

Hemibalism

Answer 18

An involuntary and violent movement of a large body part

Question 19

Kinesthesa

Answer 19

The ability to perceive the direction and extent of movement of a joint or body part

Question 20

Lead pipe rigidity

Answer 20

A form of rigidity where there is uniform and constant resistance to ROM (basal ganglia)

Question 21

Rigidity

Answer 21

A state of severe hypertonicity where a sustained mm contraction does not allow for any movement at a specific joint

Question 22

Agnosia

Answer 22

The inability to interpret infomation

Question 23

Agraphesthesia

Answer 23

The inability to recognize symbols, letters, or numbers traced on the skin

Question 24

Aphasia

Answer 24

The inability to communicate or comprehend due o damage to the brain

Question 25

Apraxia

Answer 25

The inability to perform purposeful learned movements, although there is no sensory or motor impairments

Question 26

Astereognosis

Answer 26

The inability to recognize objects by he sense of touch

Question 27

Constructional apraxia

Answer 27

The inability to reproduce geometric figures and designs. This person is visually unable to analyze how to perform a task.

Question 28

Decerebrate rigidity

Answer 28

A characteristic of a corticospinal lesion at the level of the brainstem that results in extension of the trunk and all extremities

Question 29

Decorticate rigidity

Answer 29

A characteristic of a corticospinal lesion at the level at the of the diencephalon where the trunk and lower extremities a positioned in extension and the upper extremities are in flexion

Question 30

Dysarthria

Answer 30

Slurred and impaired speech due to a moo deficit of the tongue or other muscles

Question 31

Dysphagia

Answer 31

The inability to properly swallow

Question 32

Homonymous hemianopsia

Answer 32

The loss of the right or let half of the field of vision in both eyes

Question 33

Ideational apraxia

Answer 33

The inability to formulate an initial motor plan and sequence tasks where the proprioceptive input necessary for movement is impaired

Question 34

Ideomotor apraxia

Answer 34

A condition where a person plans a movement or task, but cannot volitionally perform it. Automatic movement may occur, however a person cannot impose additional movement on command