neuro pt 3 Flashcards
Are Olfactory nerves (I) sensory nerves
Yes, their sensory fibres are for the smell
Are Optic nerves(II) sensory or motor
They are sensory nerves for vision
What happens in the optic nerves (II)
The optic nerves converge for the optic chiasma and then the tracts go to the thalamus as optical radiation to the occipital cortex
Are Oculomotor nerves (III)sensory or motor
They are motor nerves, that are referred to as the eye mover (4/6 of eye muscles)
What is special about the oculomotor nerves (III)
They are mixed motor nerves. They are parasympathetic fibres to the iris. They also have sensory proprioceptive afferents
Are the trochlear nerves sensory (IV)or motor and where are they found
They are motor nerves, the are one pair of eye muscles and they connect from the dorsal membrane to the superior oblique eye muscle.
Are the Trigeminal nerves (V) sensory or motor
they are both, the sensory nerves can be found in the face and the motor fibers are for chewing.
What are the 3 divisions of the trigeminal nerves (V)
THe ophthalmic,maxillary and mandibular division
Are the abducens nerves(VI) sensory or motor
They are a motor muscles to the lateral rectus. It controls eye movement.
Are the vestibulocochlear nerves (VIII) sensory or motor
They are sensory nerves for balance
Are the facial nerves(VII) motor or sensory
They are mixed nerves ,but primarly motor
How many branches do facial nerves (VII) have and who are they?
There 5 major branches and they are parasympathetic to the lacrimal gland, a part of 2 salivary glands and sensory o 2/3 of the tongue.
Are glossopharyngeal nerves(IX) sensory or motor
They are mixed neurons. They are motor with the gag-relax and swallowing, they have parasympathetic fibres to the parotid glands. Their sensory nerves are related to taste, pressure touch and pain . also with the carotid sinus
Are the vagus nerves (X) sensory or motor
they are mixed nerves and they extend beyond the head and neck
How are the vagus nerves (X) motor and sensory
They are motor nerves, because the are parasympathetic to the, hear,lungs, abdominal and somatic to the pharynx and larynx.
They are sensory nerves because of the carotid sinus. They can send info to the muscles.
Are the accessory nerves (XI) sensory or motor
They are motor nerves ( but mixed)
The function of the accessory nerves (XI)
They are neck and head movements .
Are hypoglossal nerves(XII) motor or sensory
They are motor nerves beneath the tongue.
What is the function of hypoglossal nerves(XII)
Mixing, swallowing and speech
What is the meaning of root when talking about spinal nerves
it is a one-way traffic
What is the meaning of ramus when talking about the spinal nerves
it is a 2-way traffic
The ventral rami branch out and make lateral connections outside of the spinal cord , except for
The T2-T12.
Why are several fibres in the ventral rami are important
To avoid paralysation
Where are the C1-C4 nerves found
They are found deep in the neck under the sternocleidomastoid
What are the common branches of the cervical plexus and the neck
the cutaneous nerves
What is the most important nerve in the cervical plexus and the neck.
The phrenic nerve, they are both sensory and motor nerves to the diaphram.
Where is the auxiliary nerve found
They are found in the shoulders
Where are the musculocutaneous nerve found
In the bicep brachii and barchialis to flex
Where are the median nerves found
They are found in the flexor muscles in anterior forearm and palm
Where are the ulnar nerves
They are medial to the elbow that follows to the ulna to the wrist and fingers
Where are the radial nerves
The are found at the humerus and the dorsal part of the hand
What are the nerves on the back
They are the dorsal rami
Where are the anterolateral thorax
At the ventral rami t1-t2 (simple and segmented)
Where and what do the femoral never do
They are found at the anterior thigh muscles and they are flexors and knee extensors
Where and what does the obturator nerve do
It is found at the medial thigh and is an adductor muscle.
What is the sacral plexus
L4-S4 they are in the lumbar region and branches to the buttocks,lower limbs and pelvis.
Where is the sciatic nerve found
They are found in the posterior thigh and diverge into the musulocutaneos and median nerve
Where is the tibial nerve found
behind the knee to the posterior calf to foot
where is the common fibular nerve found
to the knee joint ,calf and dorsum foot
Where are the superior and inferior gluteal nerves found
In the buttocks
Where are the pudendal nerves found
Muscle and skin of perineum
What is the dermatome
The area of the skin that braches of a single spinal nerve
What are nonencapsulated nerve ending
They are found in the epithelian and CT
They respond to pain temp and pressure and activated when painful stimuli
What are vanilloid receptor
Ion channel open by heat,low pH and chemicals ( spicy)
What are itch receptors
They are found in the dermis and activated by inflammatory chemicals like histamine
What are epithelial tactile complexes
They are light pressure receptor (touch) from the dermis and epidermis
What are hair follicle receptors
light touch receptors by bending hair
What determines an encapsulated nerve ending
enclosed by ct and are mechanoreceptors
What are tactile corpuscles
sensory terminals surrounded by Schwann cells and thin CT capsule
What are lamella corpuscles
single dendrite that respond to pressure first applied
What is bulbous corpuscles
spray of receptors endings for deep and continuous pressure
What are muscle spindles
they are proprioceptors in the muscles that detect muscle stretch and resist the stretch
What are the tendon organs?
they are proprioceptors in the tendons
that have a reflex to relax when muscle shortens
What are joint kinesthetic receptors
they are proprioceptors that sense the limb movement and aware of it
