Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy for Exam '23 > Neuro Practical 2.1.4 > Flashcards

Neuro Practical 2.1.4 Flashcards

1
Q

Which cranial nerves are attached directly to the brain?

A

olfactory, optic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which cranial nerves are attached directly to the midbrain?

A

occulomotor, trochlear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which cranial nerves are attached directly to the pons?

A

trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which cranial nerves are attached directly to the medulla?

A

glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

!!!As a rule, if you know where the nerve emerges from the surface brainstem, you know where the cranial nerve nuclei are located, and vice versa. !!!

A

This is important to remember when you move on to the station on cranial nerve nuclei.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what foramina for olfactory

A

cribiform plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what foramina for optic

A

optic canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what foramina for occulomotor

A

superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what foramina for trochlear

A

superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what foramina for trigeminal

A

opthalmic - superior orbital fissure
maxillary - foramen rotundum
mandibular - foramen ovale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what foramina for abducens

A

superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what foramina for facial

A

internal acoustic meaturs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what foramina for vestibulocochlear

A

internal acoustic meaturs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what foramina for glossopharngeal

A

jugular foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what foramina for vagus

A

jugular foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what foramina for accessory

A

jugular foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what foramina for hypoglossal

A

hypoglossal canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the most common cause of facial nerve lower motor neuron palsy?

A

Bell’s palsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the symtoms of bell’s palsy and why?

A

hyperacusis - Non-functional stapedius muscle
dry eye - Dry eye Non-functional orbicularis oculi – makes it difficult to blink or close the eye, therefore it dries out.
dribbling when eating - Loss of tone in facial muscles leads to difficulty in controlling food and fluid in the mouth (buccinator in cheek, orbicular oris).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what nerve controls the msucles of mastication

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what nerves control eye movement?

A

abducens, trochlear, occulomotor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

cranial nerve VI palsy

A

abducens
diplopia when looking at the side ipsilateral to the palsy, affects lateral rectus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cranial nerve IV palsy

A

trochlear
vertical diplopia, particularly noticeable on down gaze
affects superior oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cranial nerve III palsy

A

occulomotor
ptosis, when attempting to stare straight ahead the eye looks down
affects levator palpabrae superioris, inferior and medial rectus, inferior oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What cranial nerve is responsible for collecting sensory information from most of the face?

A

Trigeminal nerve

26
Q

What are the three cranial nerves that contribute to general sensation at the ear?

A

vagus. facial, trigeminal

27
Q

One cranial nerve perceives general sensory information from the pharynx making up the afferent limb of the gag reflex. What nerve is this?

A

glossopharyngeal

28
Q

pathway of touch on lower eyelid

A

maxillary nerve - foramen rotundum - trigeminal ganglion - trigeminal sensory nucleus - internal capsule - cortex

29
Q

pathway of touch on eyebrow

A

Skin on eyebrow -> ophthalmic nerve -> superior orbital fissure-> trigeminal ganglion -> trigeminal sensory nucleus -> thalamus -> internal capsule -> cortex

30
Q

pathway of touch on ala of nose

A

Skin on ala of nose -> maxillary nerve -> foramen rotundum -> trigeminal ganglion -> trigeminal sensory nucleus -> thalamus -> internal capsule -> cortex

31
Q

pathway of touch on chin

A

Skin on chin -> mandibular nerve -> foramen ovale -> trigeminal ganglion -> trigeminal sensory nucleus -> thalamus -> internal capsule -> cortex

32
Q

Explain how a loss in the function of the olfactory nerve would affect taste.

A

retro-nasal olfaction

33
Q

what cranial nerve recieves smell

A

olfactory

34
Q

what cranial nerve recieves sight

A

optic

35
Q

what cranial nerve recieves taste

A

anterior 2/3 = facial chorda tympani
posterior 1/3 = glossopharyngeal lingual branch

36
Q

Where do the nerves percieving vision enter the central nervous system?

A

optic chiasm

37
Q

where do the nerves percieving smell enter the central nervous system?

A

temporal lobe uncus

38
Q

what is retro-nasal olfaction?

A

the process by which odours in the oral cavity travel superiorly via the oro and nasopharynx to reach the olfactory epithelium

39
Q

What are the four cranial nerves carrying autonomic innervation?
What are their target tissues?

A

occulomotor - sphincter pupillae (constricts pupil), ciliary muscle (contraction to shorten lens and focus on short range objects)

facial - mucosa of the oral and nasal cavities and pharynx (produce mucous), lacrimal gland (produce tears), submandibular and sublingual glands (produce saliva)

glossopharyngeal - parotid gland (produce saliva)

vagus - heart (reduce resting heart rate) , gastrointestinal organs (smooth muscle contraction and secretion of digestive juices)

40
Q

important anatomy of: olfactory nerve

A

communicates directly with the uncus

41
Q

important anatomy of: optic nerve

A

susceptible to damage by pituitary tumour

42
Q

important anatomy of: oculomotor nerve

A

parasympathetics from edinger westphal nucelus

43
Q

important anatomy of: trochlear nerve

A

arises from posterior aspect of the brainstem

44
Q

important anatomy of: trigeminal nerve

A

opthamic branch - branches into nasociliary, lacrimal, and frontal nerves

maxillary branch - middle branch entering the trigeminal ganglion

mandibular - contains a branch wrapping around middle meningeal artery

45
Q

important anatomy of: abducens nerve

A

travels within cavernous sinus

46
Q

important anatomy of: facial nerve

A

branches within parotid gland

47
Q

important anatomy of: vestibulocochlear

A

branches into two separate nerves in the auditory canal

48
Q

important anatomy of:glossopharyngeal nerve

A

passes via the otic ganglion to reach the parotid gland

49
Q

important anatomy of: vagus nerve

A

one of the branches on the left side travels under aortic arch

50
Q

important anatomy of: accessory nerve

A

some branches travel into the cranial cavity via foramen magnum

51
Q

important anatomy of: hypoglossal nerve

A

emerges from the brainstem between the pyramid and the olive

52
Q

function of: olfactory

A

smell

53
Q

function of: optic

A

vision

54
Q

function of: occulomotor

A

moves eyeball, pupillary light reflex

55
Q

function of: trochlear nerve

A

moves eyeball

56
Q

function of: trigeminal nerve

A

opthalmic - sensation from the face above eyelids

maxillary - sensation from the face between the eyes and mouth

mandible - innervates muscles of mastication, sensation from the face below the mout h

57
Q

function of: abducens nerve

A

moves eyeball laterally

58
Q

function of: facial nerve

A

innervates muscles of facial expression, taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue, lacrimation and salivation

59
Q

function of: vestibulocochlear

A

hearing

60
Q

function of glossopharhyngeal

A

records info at carotid body baroreceptors, taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue, general sensation from pharynx, salivation at parotid gland

61
Q

function of: vagus nerve

A

innervates muscles of larynx, innervates muscles of soft pallate, autonomic innervation to the thorax, autonomic innervation to the abdomen, innervates pharyngeal constrictors

62
Q

function of: accessory nerve

A

lateral flexion of the neck

Anatomy for Exam '23 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions