Neuro pharmacology

Question 1

Reserpine AE?

Answer 1

Suicide; Major depression

Question 2

TCA and Guanethidine

Answer 2

Block action of Guanethidine

Guanethidine MOA: use the reuptake pump and block vesicles

Question 3

TCAs (Amitriptyline, Imipramine)

MOA, AE?

Answer 3

MOA: Inhibits Reuptake of 5-HT and NE
AE: MCC of Death=>arrhythmias=>block sodium channels, orthostatic hypotension

Question 4

Ethosuximide

MOA, AE?

Answer 4

MOA: reduces low threshold ca2+ currents and Na+ conductance in thalamic neurons
Use: DOC for absence seizures
AE: Drowsiness, confusion and ataxia

Question 5

A child who has a 10-30sec period of loss of consciousness. Tx of choice?

Answer 5

Ethosuximide

Question 6

Serotonin-NE Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) (i.e. Milnacipran, Duloxetine, Venlafaxine)
MOA, AE?

Answer 6

MOA: Inhibits reuptake of NE and 5 HT
Use: Fibromyalgia, Major Depressive disorder, Generalized anxiety disorder (Venlafaxine)

Question 7

Carbamazepine

MOA, Use, AE?

Answer 7

MOA: Blocks Na+ channels and repetitive high frequency firing (decreases firing)
Use: DOC for Trigeminal Neuralgia, Seizures and peripheral neuropathy
AE: double vision, ataxia, hyponatremia and aplastic anemia

Question 8

Levetiracetam

MOA, Use, AE?

Answer 8

MOA: inhibits synaptic release of glutamate by inhibiting calcium conductance
Use: Generalized Seizures
AE: Weak, sleepy and dizzy
Benefits: Does not require drug level monitoring

Question 9

Valproate

MOA, Use, AE?

Answer 9

MOA: Not Understood
Use: Generalized Seizures
AE: Very Bad for Pregnancy, Alopecia, Liver toxicity, Retention of Fat, Appetite increase, Tremor, Enzyme Inducer

Question 10

Phenytoin

MOA, Use, AE?

Answer 10

MOA: Not Understood
Use: Focal Seizures
AE: Gingival Hyperplasia, Hirustism, birth defect and CYP450

Question 11

Lamotrigine

MOA, Use, AE?

Answer 11

MOA: Not Understood
Use: Focal Seizures
AE: SJS

Question 12

Oxcarbazepine

MOA, Use, AE?

Answer 12

MOA: Not Understood
Use: Focal Seizures
AE: Vertigo, ataxia, hyponatremia, birth defects

Question 13

Phenobarbital

MOA, Use, AE?

Answer 13

MOA: Not Understood
Use: Focal Seizures
AE: Sedation and CYP Inducer

Question 14

Topiramate

MOA, Use, AE?

Answer 14

MOA: Not Understood
Use: Focal Seizures
AE: Glaucoma, anorexia, depression

Question 15

Gabapentin

MOA, Use, AE?

Answer 15

MOA: GABA analog
Use: Peripheral Neuropathy
AE: Somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, headache and tremor

Question 16

Levetiracetam

MOA, Use, AE?

Answer 16

MOA: inhibits synaptic release of glutamate by inhibiting calcium conductance
Use: DOC Generalized Seizures
AE: Weak, sleepy and dizzy
Benefits: Does not require drug level monitoring