Neuro Oncology Flashcards
MC brain tumors?
#1-mets MC primary= astrocytomas
What are the three main types of astrocytomas?
- pilocytic
- anaplastic
- glioblastoma
Pilocytic astrocytoma:
- gross appearance
- microscopic appearance
- age group
- cystic, around ventricles vs cerebellum
- Rosenthal fibers (red worms)
- children or young adults
Which glioblastoma is most malignant?
-glioblastoma, shockingly, NOT anaplastic
Anaplastic astrocytoma:
- microscopic appearance
- life expectancy
- ^^ cells, mitoses, abnormal nuclei
- less than five years
Glioblastoma:
- presentation
- age group
- survival rate
- seizures, focal deficit
- 5th-7th decades
- survival 12-18 months
Glioblastoma:
- microscopic appearance
- gross appearance
- pseduopalisading necrosis
- butterfly (crosses corpus), ring enhancing
Oligodendrogliomas:
- presentation
- age group
- life expectancy
- seizures
- 4th-5th decade
- 5-10 years (can resect + chemo)
Oligodendrogliomas:
- location
- microscopic appearance
- supratentorial**
- fried egg appearance
Ependymomas:
- age group
- presentation
- children –> young adults
- headaches + vision changes especially in the morning
Ependymomas:
- microscopic appearance
- gross location
- perivascular pseudorosettes
- fourth ventricle vs spinal cord (can be supra OR infratentorial)
MC spinal cord glioma?
ependymoma
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors:
general appearance
small round blue cells
blastomas
MC intracranial PNET
medulloblastoma
Medulloblastoma:
- location
- complication
- age group
- cerebellum
- drop mets to spinal cord
- children
Medulloblastoma:
- survival rate
- microscopic appearance
- 5 years
- homer-wright rosettes
Retinoblastoma:
-microscopic appearance
true rosettes
MC type pituitary tumor
-functional prolactinoma
Treatment for prolactinoma:
- bromocriptine
- transnasal resection
Meningiomas:
- source
- microscopic appearance
- gross appearance
- arachnoid cells (not CNS)
- psammoma bodies
- dural tail
Brain mets:
-appearance
-multiple small lesions, poorly circumscribed, often at gray white junction
What are the most common tumors that cause brain mets?
Lots of Bad Stuff Kills Glia
- Lung
- Breat
- Skin (melanoma)
- Kidney
- GI
What brain mets are most likely to hemorrhage?
- renal
- melanoma
- choriocarcinoma
True Rosette:
-appearance + assc tumor
- central lumen
- retinoblastoma
Homer-Wright Rosette:
- appearance
- assc tumor
- medulloblastoma
- cytoplasmic process in center
Perivascular Pseudorosette
- appearance
- assc tumor
- vessel at center
- ependymoma
