Neuro meds Flashcards
What medications are used to treat PD?
Sinemet, dopamine agonists, antivrials amantadine
What is mechanism of action of Carbidopa-Levodopa (Sinemet)
Levodopa is converted to dopamine and crosses the BBB, Carbidopa helps extend the drug half-life of levodopa to allow more dopamine conversion to increase dopamine levels in PD patients
What are the dopamine agonists?
Pramipexole, Ropirinole bromocriptine, apomorphine
What is the mechanism of action of the dopamine agonists?
They activate dopamine receptors to release dopamine
What is the mechanism of action of amantadine?
It increases dopamine release and decreases its neuronal reuptake
What medications are used to treat MG?
Cholinergic agonists (Neostigminie, pyridostigmine) and cholinestrase inhibitors (ambenonium, edrophium)
What is the mechansim of action of pyridostigmine?
It reversibly binds to acetylcholinestrase and inactivates chonilestrase
What are the adverse effects of pyridostigmine?
Chonlinergic crisis (if in high doses), respiratory distress, bradycardia, seizures
What are the symptoms of cholinergic crisis?
Miosis, pallor, sweating, vertigo, excess salvation/drooling, tears, N/V/D, bradycardia, depolarization, severe muscle weakness, respiratory paralysis
What medications are used to treat seizure disorders?
Hydantoins, barbituates, benzos, GABA, Succinimides, Carbamazepine, Valproic acid, Lamictal, keppra
What is the mechanism of action of the hydantoins (Phenytoin)?
Stabilizes neuronal membrane and prevents excess stimulation by preventing sodium ion influx into the neurons
What is the mechanism of action of the barbituates (-barbital)?
Slows entrance of sodium ions into neurons, depresses the CNS and RAS
What is the mechanism of action of the benzos?
Potentiates the GABA effects
What is the mechanism of action of the GABAs (gabapentin)?
They potentiate the effects of GABA and inhibits post-synaptic responses
What is GABA?
It is an inhibitory neurotransmitter
