Congestive Heart Failure Flashcards
What is the indication for diuretic use in heart failure?
Helps promote fluid excretion from excess build up of fluid thus helping prevent and promote removal of edema
What is the indication of the ACE Inhibitors/ARBs in heart failure?
They help promote cardiac remodeling and decrease symptoms of heart failure
What is the indication for beta blockers in heart failure?
It helps decrease the receptor activation from the compensatory sympathetic nervous system activation, improves LV EF
What is the mechanism of action of Entresto?
Promotes the natiuretic peptics to suppress the RAAS system negative effects on the heart
When is Entresto indicated for use?
Class II or III HF with an EF greater than or equal to 40%
What is the mechanism of action of Ivabradine?
Decreases heart rate by blocking the pacer current channels through the SA node
When is Ivadradine indicated for use?
Alternative to a beta blocker, patient in sinus rhythm, HR greater than 70, Class II or III HF, EF greater than or equal to 35%
What is monitored in HF patients?
EF, EKG, BNP/ANP, lactic acid, kidney function levels, electrolytes, fluid status
What is the first line therapy for patients with heart failure?
Thiazide diuretics
What is a second line therapy for heart failure?
Digoxin
Why has digoxin fallen to a second line therapy?
It has many drug interactions and can have serious side effects, can reach toxic levels quickly and can cause worsening cardiac outcomes
What is the mechanism of action of digoxin?
Increases the force on contractility by inhibiting the Na/K ATPase system thus promoting calcium accumulation to augment contractile force
What are adverse effects of digoxin?
dysrhythmias, anorexia, N/V/D, fatigue, visual disturbances
What occurs when a patient starts to have dysrythmias?
Refer to a cardiologist
What medications are used for dysrhytmias?
Sodium-channel blockers, calcium-channel blockers, potassium-channel blockers, beta blockers, and amiodarone
