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Medical issues in neurology > Neuro Exam > Flashcards

Neuro Exam Flashcards

1
Q

The neuro exam is not a set checklist so ______ is critical

A

observation

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2
Q

Elements of the neuro exam 8

A

history
mental state
cranial nerves
motor exam
sensory exam
reflexes
coordination
gait

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2
Q

(Neuroanatomic structures evaluated in exam - mental state)

Attention

A

frontal and parietal lobe

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2
Q

Elements of the mental state

A

level of consciousness, attention, orientation, mood and affect, learning and memory

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3
Q

(Neuroanatomic structures evaluated in exam - mental state)

Arousal

A

reticular activating system, bilateral thalami, cerebral hemispheres

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4
Q

(Neuroanatomic structures evaluated in exam - mental state)

memory

A

temporal lobes

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5
Q

(Neuroanatomic structures evaluated in exam - mental state)

language

A

front lobes (typically left)

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6
Q

(Neuroanatomic structures evaluated in exam - mental state)

praxis

A

frontal and parietal

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7
Q

(Neuroanatomic structures evaluated in exam - mental state)

abstract reasoning

A

frontal

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8
Q

(Neuroanatomic structures evaluated in exam - mental state)

visuospatial processing

A

occipital and parietal

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9
Q

CN functions and strcuture

1, 2&3

A

1: smell - olfactory cortex

2 and 3: pupillary light reflex, midbrain nuclei

2: visual acuity and fields LGN, occipital cortex

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10
Q

CN functions and structure
3,4,6

A

eye movements,

brain stem, cerebellum

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11
Q

CN functions and structure
5

A

facial sensation, somatosensory cortex

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12
Q

CN functions and structure
7

A

facial movement, motor pathway from primary motor cortex

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12
Q

CN functions and structure
11

A

SCM, trap, primary motor cortex

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13
Q

CN functions and structure
8

A

hearing, inner ear, auditory cortex
vestibular

14
Q

CN functions and structure
12

A

tongue movement, primary motor cortex

15
Q

Function of peripheral nerves, nerve roots, and spinal cord

A

reflexes

15
Q

Purpose of anterolateral system

A

pain and temperature

15
Q

Purpose of dorsal column medial lemniscal

A

discriminative touch and vibration

16
Q

Function of cerebellum and its sensory inputs

A

coordination

17
Q

Alert meaning

interactions are normal unless

A

patient is awake and attentive to
normal levels of stimulation

Interactions are normal and
appropriate unless the patient has
some type of psychiatric disorder

17
Q

Patient appears drowsy
and may fall asleep if not stimulated in
some way

pt may have difficulty

A

Lethargy

focusing attention on question at or task

18
Q

Obtunded

what is required

A

the patient is difficult to
arouse from a sleeping state and is
frequently confused when awake

Repeated stimulation is required to maintain consciousness

19
Q

The patient
responds only to strong, generally
noxious stimuli and returns to the
unconscious state when stimulation is
stopped.

when aroused …

A

Stupor

the patient is
unable to interact with the examiner

20
Q

Coma

A

the patient cannot be aroused
by any type of stimulation. Reflex
motor responses may or may not be
elicited

21
Q

What question’s are asked to determine a patient’s orientation?

A

Person: full name, age, born
Place: where are you
Time: today’s date, morning or night, time is it

22
Q

Hypoglossal

A

Tongue movements

23
Q

Accessory

Vagus

A

SCM and trapezius muscles

Movement of palate, sensation in throat, efferent limb of gag
reflex, parasympathetic functions of viscera

24
Q

Glossopharyngeal

A

Movements of palate, sensation over palate, taste posterior
1/3 of tongue, afferent limb of gag reflex

25
Q

Vestibulocochlear

A

Hearing, vestibular function

25
Q

Facial

Abducens

A

Muscles of facial expression, taste anterior 2/3 of tongue,
efferent limb of corneal reflex

Lateral rectus

26
Q

Trigeminal

A

Muscles of mastication, tensor tympani, facial sensation,
afferent limb of corneal reflex

27
Q

Trochlear

Oculomotor

A

Superior oblique

Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior
oblique, levator palpebrae, efferent limb of the pupillary
reflex

28
Q

Optic

A

Vision (acuity, fields, color), afferent limb of pupillary reflex

29
Q

Olfactory

A

Olfaction (tested with non-noxious substances)

Medical issues in neurology (6 decks)

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