neuro chapter 5 Flashcards
What did Hans Selye believe about stress?
He believed it was all associated with glucocorticoids
Stress was short term adaptation before going back to homeostasis
What was Hans Selye’s main contribution to stress research?
He found that physical and psychological stress worked through the same system
What is the HPA axis?
The hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal axis
What role does the hypothalamus play in the HPA axis
the paraventricular nucleus in the hypothalamus contains corticotropin releasing hormone
What role does the anterior pituitary play in the HPA axis
Contains adrenocorticotropic hormone aka corticotropin
What role does the adrenal cortex play in the HPA axis
it is responsible for glucocorticoids
Fast negative feedback in the HPA axis comes from
inhibition of corticotropin release factor from the paraventricular nucleus
Slow negative feedback in the HPA axis comes from
inhibition of ACTH gene transcription (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
What structures inhibit the HPA axis?
hypothalamus, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex
What structures excite the HPA axis?
The amygdala
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are synthesized in the…
adrenal medulla
Corticosteroids are synthesized in the
Adrenal cortex
Phenylalanine is converted into…
L-dopa to dopamine to norepinephrine to epinephrine
Testosterone and progesterone
reduce stress response
Estrogens
potentiate the stress response
What is the common sense view of emotion?
Stimulus leads to emotion which leads to body response
What is the James-lang theory of emotion?
Stimulus leads to response which leads to emotion
What is the cannon bard theory of emotion?
Stimulus leads to both the response and emotion at the same time
What is the modern biopsychological view of emotion?
The stimulus, emotion, and response all interact with eachother
What is kluver-bucy syndrome?
a cerebral neurological disorder caused by bilateral amygdala damage
leads to memory loss, sexual behavior, placidity