Neuro and Respiratory Flashcards
timolol
glaucoma. Non selective BB that decreases aqueous humor production which decreases IOP
acetazolamide
glaucoma and HF and altitude sickness. Causes diureseis and lowers IOP by decreasing aqueous humor secretion. SE flulike, GI, Na and K issues. Admin with food for GI
ciprofloxacin with hydrocortisone
otitis externa (swimmers ear).
phenylephrine and pseudoephedrine
rhinitis (nasal congestion). Vasoconstriction of respiratory tract mucosa. SE: Agitation, nervousness, palpitations, rebound congestion
beclomethasone
asthma. alone or combo with beta 2 adrenergic agonist. Decreases inflammation. Rinse mouth with water after.
beclomethasone category
inhaled clucocorticoid
prednisone category
oral glucocorticoid
prednisone indicaiton, MOA, and SE
Wide use: asthma, autoimmune, inflammatory. Decreases inflammation and immune response. SE: bone loss, weight gain/fluid retention, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, infection, peptic ulcers, adrenal glad suppression. Do not stop abruptly. Avoid NSAIDS
mometasone, fluticasone, budesonide (“one”) category
nasal glucocorticoid
montelukast catetory
leukotriene modifier
indications and SE for montelukast (leukotriene modifier)
asthma and prevention of exercise induced bronchoconstriction. Decreases effect of leukotrienes which reduces airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction
what would you use codeine for in respiratory
non productive cough. Decreases cough reflex. SE: sedation, respiratory depression, Gi, dependancy. Avoid alcohol and increase fiber for constipation
guaifenesin category
expectorant
guaifenesin indications and SE
nonproductive cough associated with respiratory infections. Reduces viscosity of secretions making coughs more productive. SE: Gi, drowsy, rash.
acetylcysteine category
mucolytic
antidote for acetaminophen poisoning
acetylcysteine
indications and SE for acetylcysteine
pulmonary disorders with thick mucous secretions (CF). SE: bronchospasm, N/V, rash. Smells like rotten eggs and use cautiously in asthma
diphenhydramine (1st gen) and loratadine (2nd gen)
antihistamines
main SE of dypehnhydramine and loratadine (antihistamines)
anticholinergic effects
inhaled anticholinergic
ipratropium
indications for inhaled anticholinergic ipratropium
asthma, COPD. Blocks ACh receptors in airway smooth muscle causing bronchodilation. SE: dry mouth, hourseness
theophylline category
xanthines
Indications and SE of theophylline
Category: xanthines. Long term control of asthma and COPD. INcrease cAMP resulting in bronchodilation. SE: Gi, dysrhythmias, seizures. Not uses much due to SE and periodic serum levels are needed
short acting beta 2 adrenergic agonist
albuterol
long acting beta 2 adrenergic agonist
salmeterol
indications for albuteral and salmeterol
asthma and COPD. Binds to bet 2 receptors in airway smooth muscles causing bronchodilation. SE: tachy, angina, tremors.
fluticasone and salmeterol combiniation inhalation is ordered for patient with COPD. What is known about the medication
delivered dry powder inhaler, one puff 2 x day, promotes bronchodilation
acute bronchospasm
epinephrine
theophylline/aminophylline
5-15mcg/mL. Toxicity likely greater than 20 mcg. Maintenance therapy. No prescribed for seizure disoders, cardiac, renal or liver dysfunction. Increased HR, dysrhythmias, convulsions, cardiorespiratory collapse
leukotriene antagonist montelukast is given for
maintenance therapy
