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Neurology > Neuro anatomy > Flashcards

Neuro anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Safe level to give epidural/perform LP

A

L3/L4 interspace

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2
Q

What level does subarachnoid space end

A

S2

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3
Q

type of haematoma common in elderly falls

A

subdural

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4
Q

thinnest part of skull

A

pterion

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5
Q

artery that lies beneath thinnest part of skull

A

middle meningeal artery

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6
Q

which part of the skull contains the optic canals

A

sphenoid bone

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7
Q

which bone contains the inner ear

A

petrous part of the temporal bone

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8
Q

dura matter that overlies the pituitary fossa

A

diaphragm sellae

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9
Q

Lateral ventricles > 3rd ventricle via ???

A

foramina of monroe

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10
Q

what connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles

A

cerebral aqueduct

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11
Q

foramina that facial nerve passes through

A

IAM

stylomastoid foramen

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12
Q

nerve supply to tongue

A

anterior 2/3: special sensory = CN VII, general sensation = CN V
posterior 1/3: taste and general = CN IX

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13
Q

what foramen does CN IX pass through

A

jugular foramen

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14
Q

what foramen does vagus n pass through

A

jugular foramen

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15
Q

what foramina do the 3 parts of the trigeminal nerve pass through

A

V1 - SOF
V2 - foramen rotunda
V3 - foramen ovale

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16
Q

what does the spinal accessory nerve supply

A

SCM

trapezius

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17
Q

CN’s III and IV pass through which foramen

A

SOF

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18
Q

what spinal level does the spinal cord end

A

L1/L2

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19
Q

what ligament connects adjacent laminae, posterior to the spinal cord

A

ligamentum flavus

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20
Q

Unilateral lesions of the basal ganglia affect ?? side of the body?

A

contralateral

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21
Q

Striatum = ?

A

Caudate nucleus and putamen

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22
Q

corpus striatum = ?

A

caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus

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23
Q

output to thalamus is via which part of basal ganglia?

A

globus pallidus

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24
Q

which part of the basal ganglia receives input from overlying cerebral cortex?

A

striatum

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25
Q

principle outflow nucleus of cerebellum

A

dentate nucleus

26
Q

what connects the 2 hemispheres of the cerebellum

A

vermis

27
Q

what part of the cerebellar cortex sends efferent output

A

purkinjie cell axons

28
Q

cerebellum forms the roof of the ? ventricle

A

4th

29
Q

cerebellar lesions influence the ?? side of the body

A

Ipsilateral

30
Q

What connects the cerebellum to the brainstem?

A

superior, middle and inferior peduncles (white matter bundles)

31
Q

sympathetic outflow is between which spinal levels

A

T1 >L2

32
Q

sensory axons > anterior or posterior horn of spinal cord?

A

posterior

33
Q

DCML pathway
which part transmits sensory info to:
a) above T6 (arms and upper trunk?
b) T6 and below (legs and lower trunk)

A

a) fasiculus cuneatus

b) fasiculus gracilis

34
Q

Corticospinal tract:

a) tracts form visible ridges “pyramids” on anterior surface of ?
b) crossed fibres form the ? CST
c) uncrossed fibres form the ? CST
d) 85% of fibres cross/do not cross to enter the contralateral side?

A

a) medulla
b) lateral
c) ventral
d) cross

35
Q

Extra pyramidal tracts

A

Reticulospinal
Tectospinal
Vestibulospinal

36
Q

femoral nerve = ?

A

L2,3,4

37
Q

Lumbosacral plexus = ?

A

L1 > S4

38
Q

Brachial plexus = ?

A

C5 > T1

39
Q

Axillary nerve = ?

A

C5, C6

40
Q

Radial nerve = ?

A

C5,6,7,8, T1

41
Q

Ulnar nerve = ?

A

C7, C8, T1

42
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve = ?

A

C5,6,7

43
Q

Medial nerve = ?

A

C5,6,7,8,T1

44
Q

Sciatic nerve = ?

A

L4 > S3

45
Q

Obturator nerve = ?

A

L2,3,4

46
Q

Wernicke’s area

A

understanding speech and reading

“What did u say?”

47
Q

Broca’s area

A

Broken speech

48
Q

Which tract is motor to cranial nerves?

A

Corticobulbar

49
Q

receptor organ for hearing

A

organ of corti

50
Q

which part of the thalamus processes

a) auditory info
b) visual info

A

a) medial geniculate nucleus

b) lateral geniculate nucleus

51
Q

sulcus in the occipital lobe that contains the primary visual cortex

A

calcarine sulcus

52
Q

the most superior trigeminal sensory nucleus

A

mesencephalic nucleus

53
Q

what is special about the mesencephalic nucleus

A

its the only site in the CNS where cell bodies of the primary afferent neurones live inside the CNS

54
Q

what type of info does the mesencephalic nucleus receive

A

proprioceptive info from chewing muscles

55
Q

what are the 3 trigeminal nuclei

A

mesencephalic nucleus
pontine trigeminal nucleus
spinal nucleus

56
Q

what part of the visual cortex does the macula project to

A

posterior pole

57
Q

describe the visual pathway

A

optic nerve > optic chiasma > optic tract > LGN > optic radiation > visual cortex

58
Q

which type of eye movements are smooth

- tracking moving objects or movements of command

A

tracking moving objects

59
Q

what controls movements of command

A

frontal eye field

60
Q

what controls tracking eye movements

A

visual cortex

61
Q

what is the 5th lobe that you cant see unless you remove parietal & part of temporal lobes. w
what is it involved in?

A

insular lobe

involved in pain perception

Neurology (14 decks)

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