CNS infections

Question 1

what type of meningitis occurs most commonly in collage entrants

Answer 1

Neisseria meningitis

Question 2

dx of viral meningitis

Answer 2

viral stool culture, throat swab, CSF PCR

Question 3

features of viral CSF result

Answer 3

clear
predominantly lymphocytes
glucose normal

Question 4

features of bacterial CSF result

Answer 4

cloudy
neutrophils
glucose low
protein high 
high opening pressure

Question 5

majority of bacterial meningitis is caused by?

Answer 5

strep pneumoniae

Question 6

features of bacterial meningitis

Answer 6

fever, stiff neck, altered consciousness, headache, vomiting …

Question 7

type of meningitis common in neonates? in children?

Answer 7

neonates - listeria

children - H. influenzae

Question 8

what should be given before/with first dose of antibiotics in all patients suspected of bacterial meningitis

Answer 8

steroids

Question 9

empirical antibiotics for bacterial meningitis

Answer 9

IV ceftriaxone

add ampicillin/amoxicillin if listeria is suspected

Question 10

what type of meningitis is mainly seen in patients with HIV

Answer 10

cryptococcal

Question 11

cryptococcal meningitis - septic or aseptic? viral or fungal?

Answer 11

aseptic

fungal

Question 12

treating cryptococcal meningitis

Answer 12

iv amphotericin B / flu cytosine

fluconazole