neuro

Question 1

causes of meningitis in neonates?

Answer 1

listeria
group b strep
ecoli

Question 2

what can cause meningitis in children ?

Answer 2

h influenza
meningococcal
pneumococcal

Question 3

what are kernigs signs ?

Answer 3

resistance to knee extension when hip flexed

Question 4

what results would you expect on a lumbar puncture with bacterial meningitis?

Answer 4

neutrophils, high protein, low glucose

Question 5

viral meningitis?

Answer 5

lymphocytes, normal protein, normal glucose

Question 6

in primary care with suspected bacterial meningitis?

Answer 6

IM benzylpenicillin

Question 7

antibiotic for child under 3 months with meningitis?

Answer 7

cefotaxime and amoxicillin

Question 8

most common cuase of encephalitis ?

Answer 8

HSV

Question 9

what kind of behaviour do you get with encephalitis?

Answer 9

odd behaviour

Question 10

what diagnoses encephalitis?

Answer 10

MRI bilateral temporal lobe focus

Question 11

management of encephalitis?

Answer 11

IV aciclovir

Question 12

febrile convulsions - simple generalised tonic clonic seizure that lasts less than?

Answer 12

5 minutes

Question 13

in febrile convulsions - you get complete recovery of symptoms within?

Answer 13

1 hour

Question 14

what are complex focal seizures

Answer 14

focal onset
lasts longer than 10 minutes
recurrent seizures in one febrile liness

Question 15

no clear histor of febrile ilness, complex convulsions, developmental concerns, post octal neurological signs - what would you be worried about ?

Answer 15

epilepsy

Question 16

why is being less than 2 a red flag?

Answer 16

children this age often show the classic signs and symptoms of meningitis

Question 17

what medication should be given if the seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes?

Answer 17

rectal or buccal midazolam

Question 18

when do you phone 999?

Answer 18

if the seizure hasn’t stopped
on going twitching
another seizure starts
any time you feel appropriate

Question 19

in terms of future risks in of febrile convulsions, what increases the risk of future febrile convulsions ?

Answer 19

first episode at age under 18 months
family history
convulsions associated with low grade fever

Question 20

is there any place for medicines in febrile convulsions?

Answer 20

no

Question 21

risk of epilepsy from febrile convulsion

Answer 21

2.4%

Question 22

risk in complex?

Answer 22

6-8 percent

Question 23

how would you describe the risk to a baby of developing epilepsy?

Answer 23

low but ever so slightly higher than the population average

Question 24

overall prognosis of febrile convulsions

Answer 24

very good