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Funds 3 exam > Neuro-7 Questions > Flashcards

Neuro-7 Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is all involved in the Neurological assessment?

A

Level of Consciousness (LOC), physical status, chief complaint, cognitive function, appearance
and behavior, speech

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2
Q

What all is included in the health history ?

A

ADL abilities, changes in sensation, neurological “red flags”, cranial nerves, sensory/motor function.

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3
Q

What does LOC indicate?

A

Person, place, time, situation

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4
Q

How many times should you assess for alert and oriented?

A

4x or x4

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5
Q

What does “alert” mean?

A

Fully awake, responding to all stimuli, following verbal commands.

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6
Q

What is “lethargic” mean?

A

Drowsy or asleep a lot, can be woken with gentle shake or name, spontaneous movements, forgetful, delayed responses to verbal command.

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7
Q

What is “obtunded” mean?

A

Extreme drowsiness, minimally responsive, barely follows commands, vigorous stimulation to awake, difficulty, staying awake.

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8
Q

What is stuporous or Semi-comatose?

A

unconscious most of the time, no spontaneous movements, awakens briefly only with repeated vigorous stimulation, responds in groans or moans, responds to painful stimuli with purposeful movements.

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9
Q

What is comatose mean?

A

no response to verbal or painful stimuli, cannot be awakened, some reflexes
may be present, decorticate position (abnormal flexion) or decerebrate position (abnormal extension).

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10
Q

For the Glasgow coma scale, what rating is a mild brain injury?

A

13-15

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11
Q

For the Glasgow coma scale, which rating is a moderate brain injury?

A

9 to 12

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12
Q

For the Glasgow coma scale, which rating is a severe brain injury?

A

8 or less

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13
Q

What should you check for speech?

A

Pace, volume, fluidity, spontaneity, ability to articulate (coherent)

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14
Q

For ineffective speech, what should assess for further for?

A

Aphasia

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15
Q

What is Aphasia?

A

Person loses the ability to understand or express speech.

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16
Q

What motor or expressive Aphasia for (Broca’s)?

A

Impaired fluency and difficult finding words.

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17
Q

What is Sensory or Receptive Aphasia (Wernicke’s)?

A

Inability to understand written words or
speech and the use of made-up words

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18
Q

What is Global aphasia?

A

lacks both expressive and receptive language

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19
Q

When repeating a series of numbers what memory is that?

A

Immediate recall

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20
Q

When stating 3 unrelated objects or “what did you have for breakfast?” what memory is that ?

A

Recent Memory

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21
Q

When stating “What is your birthday?” what memory is that?

A

Remote (Past) Memory

22
Q

For memory what should you assess for or check for?

A

knowledge, abstract thinking, association, judgement

23
Q

What cranial nerve is CN I?

A

olfactory-smell

24
Q

What cranial nerve is CN II?

A

Optic - visual acuity

25
Q

What cranial nerve is CN III?

A

Oculomotor - Pupil constriction and PERRLA

26
Q

What cranial nerve is CN IV (4)?

A

Trochlear- eye movements: down and inward

27
Q

What cranial nerve is CN V (5)?

A

Trigeminal - light touch and pain on face and neck

28
Q

What cranial nerve is CN VI (6)?

A

Abducens =eye movement lateral

29
Q

What cranial nerve is CN VII (7)?

A

Facial - sense of taste, facial symmetry, expression

30
Q

What cranial nerve is CN VIII (8)?

A

Auditory -hearing

31
Q

What cranial nerve is CN IX (9)?

A

(glossopharyngeal) – movement of pharynx, swallowing, gag reflex, taste

32
Q

What is cranial nerve CN X (10)?

A

(vagus) – swallowing and speaking

33
Q

What is cranial nerve CN XI (11)?

A

(accessory) – movement of shoulder muscles

34
Q

What is cranial nerve CN XII (12)?

A

(hypoglossal) – position, strength, and movement of tongue

35
Q

What abnormal pupil findings are unequal pupil size (CNS disease)?

A

Anisocoria

36
Q

What abnormal pupil findings are dilated and fixed pupils (brain damage, drug induced, ‘blown pupils’?

A

Mydriasis

37
Q

What abnormal pupil findings have no reaction to light; small and irregular bilaterally (CNS
syphilis, brain tumor, meningitis, chronic alcoholism)?

A

Argyll Robertson Pupil

38
Q

What abnormal pupil findings are one pupil large, fixed, dilated?

A

Temporal lobe herniation

39
Q

What abnormal pupil findings are constricted, fixed pupils, bilaterally (often drug induced)?

A

Miosis

40
Q

What is it called when different nerve pathways relay sensations; area of skin that is supplied mainly from one spinal cord segment through a particular spinal nerve?

A

Dermatomes

41
Q

When it comes to sensory function what should you testy for and include?

A

pain, temperature, light touch, vibration, position, two-point discrimination.

42
Q

When it comes to motor function what two things do you look for ?

A

Coordination and Balance

43
Q

What are the movements for the motor function test ?

A

Touch each finger to nose, stand on one foot, pat knees

44
Q

What is the Romberg’s Test ?

A

It tests Balance -stands feet together, arms at side, eyes open and then closed,
watch for side to side swaying (slight swaying is normal)

45
Q

What two reflexes do you assess for reflexes?

A

Deep tendon reflexes and cutaneous reflexes

46
Q

What are the three common reflexes assessed ?

A

bicep, patellar, and plantar (Babinski)

47
Q

What kind of scale do you grade reflexes ?

A

0-4
0: no response,
1: sluggish,
2: active/normal,
3: slightly brisk,
4:brisk and hyperactive with intermittent or transient clonus

48
Q

What parts of the brain is effected by decerebrate posture?

A

Damage to the upper Brain stem.

49
Q

What part of the brain is effected by the decorticate posture?

A

Damage to one or both corticospinal

50
Q

What is the posture of Decerebrate ?

A

Arms are adducted and extended, wrists pronated, and fingers flexed. legs extended and feet plantar flexion.

51
Q

What is the posture of Decorticate?

A

Arms are adducted and elbows are flexed, with the wrists and fingers on the chest.

Funds 3 exam (9 decks)

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