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Funds 3 exam > Abdomen/Bowel- 7 Question > Flashcards

Abdomen/Bowel- 7 Question Flashcards

1
Q

What are the assessment steps ?

A

Inspection
Auscultation
Percussion
Palpation

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2
Q

What is in the right upper ?

A

Liver, Gallbladder, Duodenum, head of the pancreas, right adrenal gland, upper lobe of right kidney, hepatic flexure of colon, section of the ascending and transverse colon.

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3
Q

What is in the right lower quadrant ?

A

Lower lobe of right kidney, section of the ascending colon, right fallopian tube (female), right ovary(female), part of uterus (if enlarged), right spemetric cord (male), cecum, appendix, right ureter

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4
Q

What is in the left upper quadrant?

A

Stomach, Spleen, pancreas, left lower part of liver, upper lobe of left kidney, section of transverse colon, section of descending colon, left adrenal gland, splenic flexure of colon

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5
Q

What is the left lower quadrant ?

A

Lower lobe of left kidney, section of descending colon, left spermatic cord (male),
part of uterus (if enlarged), sigmoid colon, left ureter, left ovary (female), left fallopian tube (female)

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6
Q

Health History includes?

A

-Appetite and diet
-Drastic weight gain and loss
-Dysphagia-difficulty swallowing
-Food intolerance
-Abdominal pain,
-N/V
-Past abdominal problems

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7
Q

What can Dyshagia (difficulty swallowing) cause and who is at risk?

A

-Can cause aspiration which can lead to aspiration pneumonia.
-Stroke patients

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8
Q

What should you take into account?

A

Age considerations

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9
Q

Who might forget to eat ?

A

Dementia patients

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10
Q

What question should you ask for hospice patients?

A

Can they drive to get groceries or prepare meals?

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11
Q

What should not affect general GI Function unless associated with a disease process?

A

Aging

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12
Q

What things decrease with age ?

A

-Salivation
-Sense of taste
-Gastric acid secretion
-Esophageal Emptying (GERD)
-Liver size
-Bacteria Flora

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13
Q

What increases with age?

A

constipation

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14
Q

What does a focused health history also include?

A

-Food and drug allergies
-alcohol and cigarrette intake
-stool and urine characteristics
-stresses
-possibility of pregnancy
-exposure to infection disease

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15
Q

What are common labs for Abdomen/bowels?

A

UA, CBC (White Blood cells), LFT (liver function tests)

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16
Q

Should you empty your bladder before palpating ?

A

Yes

17
Q

What areas should you palpate last?

A

Painful areas

18
Q

What should you inspect the skin for ?

A

Color, striae, veins, symmetry, contour, distension, masses

19
Q

What is protuberant ?

A

Could indicate overweight or pregnancy.

20
Q

What is ascites ?

A

accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity; often due to alcohol abuse. Typically
means liver failure. LFTs would be elevated.

21
Q

What is spider angioma ?

A

Can also indicate liver disease

22
Q

What is triple A?

A

Aorta abdominal aneurysm-death

23
Q

How many quadrants should you assess for bowel sounds?

A

4

24
Q

How long should you listen for bowel sounds?

A

At least 5 seconds, clockwise direction.

25
Q

What is Borborygmus ?

A

rumbling or gurgling noise; patient is hungry

26
Q

What happens if there are no bowel sounds ?

A

medical emergency; could indicate paralytic ileus (paralyzed bowel)

27
Q

How long should you listen to all quadrants before documenting absent bowel sounds?

A

5 minutes

27
Q

What does hyperactive bowel sounds indicate ?

A

Could mean obstruction

28
Q

What does palpation detect?

A

Tenderness, distention, or masses

29
Q

How should you do light palpation ?

A

Depress about 1cm; assess skin pulsations; clockwise fashion

30
Q

How do you do deep palpation ?

A

Depress the skin about 5-8cm, secondary to light.

31
Q

What is referred pain?

A

Location of pain is not necessarily where the involved organs: Ex: spleen = left shoulder pain, kidney = groin pain, Heart attack = left shoulder pain.

32
Q

Which Factors Influence Elimination?

A

 Lifestyle; psychological variables
 Food & fluids
 Activity and muscle tone
 Pathologic conditions
 Medications
 Diagnostic tests; surgery & anesthesia

33
Q

Prevention for elimination issues can include?

A

Positioning, exercise, fiber and nutrition, bowel
program.

34
Q

Interventions for constipation:

A

laxatives, stool softeners, enemas, suppositories, digital removal

35
Q

Interventions for diarrhea:

A

Imodium, find & resolve cause, replace fluids & electrolytes, help
decrease flatulence

36
Q

Should you leave patient on bedpan for long periods of time ?

A

No

Funds 3 exam (9 decks)

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