Neuro Flashcards
What nerve supplies sensation to the nasal septum?
Ophthalmic branch of trigeminal (V1)
Which nerves carry taste info from the tongue?
VII anterior 2/3
IX posterior 1/3
Is the forehead spared in UMN lesions or LMN?
UMN lesion causes drooping of eyelid on affected side but forehead spared
The forehead is not spared in LMN lesions eg Bell’s Palsy
Where are the Golgi tendon organs situated?
Junction of skeletal muscle and tendon
What do the muscle spindles detect?
Muscle contraction and relaxation
What motor neurones innervate the muscle fibres of the spindle?
Gamma motor neurones
What type of muscle do gamma neurones innervate?
Intrafusal (muscle spindle isintrafusal muscle)
What are the roots of the brachial plexus?
C5-T1
What are the roots of the cervical plexus?
C1-C4
What is the outermost layer of the eyeball?
Fibrous layer, consists of sclera and cornea
What is the middle layer of the eyeball?
Vascular layer, comprises choroid, ciliary body and iris
What does the inner layer of the eyeball consist of?
Retina
What are the extra ocular muscles?
Medial rectus Lateral rectus Superior rectus Inferior rectus Superior oblique Inferior oblique
What is the innervation to the extra ocular muscles?
CN III all muscles except these exceptions:
CN IV superior oblique
CN VI lateral rectus
Via which hole does CN I enter the cranial cavity?
Cribiform plate of ethmoid bone
What is the action of the medial rectus?
Adduction
What is the action of the lateral rectus?
Abduction
How long does the refractory period last for?
5-10ms
Where does decussation of fibres of the DCML system occur?
Medulla
How do you test CN II?
Observing pupillary constriction in response to light
Which CNs carry parasympathetic fibres?
CN III, VII, IX, X
What is the corpus callosum?
Association fibres from the right and left cerebral hemispheres
What vessels are key to forming the circle of Willis?
Vertebral and internal carotid arteries