Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medicine: Pharmacology > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

0
Q

What class of drug is levodopa and how does it work ?

A

Dopamine precursor
- crosses blood brain barrier and converted not dopamine by dopa carboxylase therefore replacing deficient dopamine in basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What class of drug is metoclopramide

A

Antiemetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the indications for levodopa ?

A
  • idiopathic Parkinson’s disease

- Parkinsonism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the contraindications for levodopa?

A
  • closed angle glaucoma

- drug-induced Parkinsonism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the common side effects of levodopa?

A

Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdo pain
Insomnia, agitation, postural hypotension
Discoloured urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Possible interactions of levodopa ?

A

Anaesthetics: increased risk of dysrhymias

MAOIs (antidepressants): increased risk of HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What drug class is phenytoin ?

A

Anticonvulsant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mode of action of phenytoin ?

A

Blocks voltage gated Na+ channels therefore preventing influx of sodium and so preventing spread of epileptic charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Indications for phenytoin ?

A

All epilepsy except absence seizures

Trigeminal neuralgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

There are no contraindications for phenytoin, but when should you take caution ?

A

Hepatic impairment

Pregnancy/breast feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Common side effects of phenytoin ?

A

Dizziness, headache, confusion, insomnia, nausea, vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Possible interactions of phenytoin ?

A

Induces hepatic drug metabolising enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What drug class is carbamazepine ?

A

Anticonvulsant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does carbamazepine work ?

A

Increases the release of GABA - has inhibitory role in CNS, blocking Na+ channels and so preventing positive influx of Na

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Indications for carbamazepine

A

Seizures: partial and tonic clonic (but may exacerbate absence & myoclonic)
Trigeminal neuralgia
Chronic neurogenic pain
Bipolar prophylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Contraindications of carbamazepine

A

AV conduction abnormalities

Bone marrow suppression

16
Q

Carbamazepine has cross sensitivity with which other anticonvulsants ?

A

Oxcarbazepine, phenytoin

17
Q

Interactions of carbamazepine

A

Alcohol: CNS side effects increased
Tramadol: reduced effect
Paracetamol: increased metabolism

18
Q

Side effects of carbamazepine

A

Dry mouth, nausea, vomiting,

Ataxia, dizziness, drowsiness,head ache, hyponatraemia

19
Q

What drug class is sodium valproate ?

A

Anticonvulsant

20
Q

Mode of action of sodium valproate

A

Inhibits GABA transaminase causing increased GABA in brain which has an inhibitory role preventing excitation - decreases levels of aspartate (excitatory neurotransmitter) and prevents influx of Na+

21
Q

Indications of sodium valproate ?

A

All forms of epilepsy
Migraine prophylaxis
Mania

22
Q

Contraindications of sodium valproate ?

A

Family history of severe hepatic dysfunction/active liver disease
Acute porphyria

23
Q

Common side effects of sodium valproate ?

A

GI irritation- nausea, diarrhoea
Weight gain, transient hair loss,
hyperammonaemia, thrombocytopenia

24
Q

Interactions of sodium valproate

A

Aspirin enhances effect of valproate

25
Q

What class of drug is lamotrigine ?

A

Anticonvulsant

26
Q

Mechanism of action of lamotrigine

A

Stabilises presynaptic neuronal membranes by hi biting sodium currents by selectively binding to the inactive state of of the sodium channel and subsequently suppressing release of excitatory amino acids e.g, glutamate and aspartate

27
Q

Indications for lamotrigine

A

Seizures: focal and generalised including: tonic clonic, Lennox-gestaut, absence in children
- prevention of depressive episodes in bipolar

28
Q

Common side effects of lamotrigine

A

Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth,
Aggression, agitation, headache, drowsiness, dizziness, tremor, insomnia,
Rash

29
Q

Interactions of lamotrigine

A 
Rifampicin- decreases plasma conc of lamotrigine 
MAOIs
COCP- decreases plasma conc lamotrigine 
Carbamazepine ' '
Phenytoin- ''
Valproate- increased conc lamotrigine
30
Q

Mode of action of metoclopramide

A

Acts on chemoreceptors in trigger zone of brain stem to block dopamine receptors causing relaxation of pylori. Sphincter, increased rate of gastric/duodenal emptying

31
Q

Indications for metoclopramide

A

Nausea and vomiting

GORD

32
Q

Contraindications of metoclopramide

A

Parkinsonism
Recent gastric surgery (within last few days)
Intestinal obstruction

33
Q

Side effects of metoclopramide

A

Common : acute dystonia reactions (muscle spasms)

34
Q

Possible interactions of metoclopramide

A

NSAIDs- increased absorption of the, and therefore increased side effects

Medicine: Pharmacology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions