Neuro

Question 1

APGAR

Answer 1

appearance/skin color, pulse rate, grimace, activity, respiration
scored 0, 1, or 2 max score of 10 at 1 and 5 min after birth

Question 2

thalamus

Answer 2

center where sensation, movement, emotion, and memory converge

Question 3

cerebellum

Answer 3

balance, smooth execution of movement, synergistic movement

Question 4

basal ganglia

what happens if they are not working?

Answer 4

connect to motor cortex to regulate movement. if not working, have involuntary movements like chorea

Question 5

functions of limbic system

Answer 5

MOVE
Motivation and memory
Olfactory
Visceral, ANS
Emotions

Question 6

Bulbar sign means…

Answer 6

brainstem and CN issue

Question 7

What are the cranial nerves?

Answer 7

HINT : Oh oh oh tiny teens are for very good virgins special hips
olfactory optic oculomotor trochlear trigeminal abducens facial vestibulocochlear glossopharyngeal vagus spinal accessory hypoglossal

Question 8

What part of the brain does the anterior cerebral artery supply?

Answer 8

medial surface of frontal and parietal lobes

Question 9

What part of the brain does the middle cerebral artery supply?

Answer 9

lateral surface

Question 10

What part of the brain does the posterior cerebral artery supply?

Answer 10

occipital

Question 11

What is the mnemonic to remember if cranial nerve is sensory, motor, or both?

Answer 11

some say marry money but my brother says big boobs matter more.

Question 12

what are deep tendon reflexes?

Answer 12

stretch of the muscle spindle

Question 13

what is clonus?

Answer 13

involuntary contractions of opposing muscles causing a bouncing motion. tested in ankle.

Question 14

What is a Babinski sign?

Answer 14

stroke lateral surface of foot and across heads of toes towards big toe. Normal response is toe flexion, abnormal response is toes fan out. Indicates neurological problem if seen in child or adult. Normal for infants.

Question 15

hypertonia is a problem of what?

Answer 15

motor neurons

Question 16

hypotonia is a problem of what?

Answer 16

cerebellum

Question 17

what is a hemiballism

Answer 17

wild flinging of extremity, damage to subthalamic nucleus

Question 18

what is athetosis

Answer 18

slow writhing movement, damage to all basal ganglia

Question 19

what is dystonia

Answer 19

slow twisting motion, damage to all basal ganglia

Question 20

what is a tremor

Answer 20

quick oscillating movement AT REST, damage to substantia nigra

Question 21

dysmetria

Answer 21

poor measured movement-dmaged cerebellum

Question 22

dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 22

rapid alternating movement-damaged cerebellum

Question 23

ataxia

Answer 23

jerky movement-damaged cerebellum

Question 24

What is the Romberg test?

Answer 24

stand, close eyes, watch for sway or LOB

Question 25

DC/ML tract is for... Ipsilateral or contralateral in SC? is it sensory or motor?

Answer 25

PV2 prop, vibration, discriminative touch (2 point touch) ipsilateral. crosses at medulla

Question 26

Spinothalamic is for... Ipsilateral or contralateral in SC? is it sensory or motor?

Answer 26

PTP pain, temp, crude touch/pressure contralateral. crosses in spinal cord

Question 27

Spinoreticular is for... Ipsilateral or contralateral in SC? is it sensory or motor?

Answer 27

slow burning pain-nociceptors | contralateral. crosses in spinal cord

Question 28

fasciculus cuneatus carries info from what part of the body? | fasciculus gracilis?

Answer 28

``` FC = upper extremity FG = lower extremity ```

Question 29

Spinocerebellar tract is for...

Answer 29

unconscious prop and pressure

Question 30

Corticospinal tract is for... Ipsilateral or contralateral in SC? is it sensory or motor?

Answer 30

voluntary movement of distal extremities ipsilateral motor

Question 31

what is an absence seizure?

Question 32

what is a tonic-clonic seizure?

Answer 32

1-3 min tonic phase-muscles stiffen | clonic phase- rapid rhythmic jerking

Question 33

What are infantile spasms?

Answer 33

< 15 seconds "drop attack" | loss of muscle tone, usually fall to ground

Question 34

when will basal ganglia d/o symptoms be present?

Answer 34

at rest, because are involuntary

Question 35

stage 1 parkinsons

Answer 35

mild.

Question 36

stage 2 parkinsons

Answer 36

both sides of body involved. balance ok

Question 37

stage 3 parkinsons

Answer 37

moderate impairment. slowing of reflexes but still independent

Question 38

stage 4 parkinsons

Answer 38

severe bilateral. can no longer live alone. festinating gait., balance and walking markedly impaired

Question 39

stage 5 parkinsons

Answer 39

advanced disease, complete immobility

Question 40

4 stages of alzheimers

Answer 40

mild- word finding mod - problem solving mod-severe - memory loss of well known material severe - confused in familiar surroundings

Question 41

myasthenia gravis

Answer 41

autoimmune d/o resulting in progressive muscle weakness

Question 42

myasthenia gravis is very similar to...

Answer 42

MS

Question 43

post-polio

Answer 43

ascending muscle weakness. do NOT push through pain! causes additional muscle weakness!

Question 44

guillan barre syndrome

Answer 44

fast demyelination in peripheral nerves, ascending. | fatigue management!

Question 45

what does erb's palsy affect?

Answer 45

upper trunk C5-6

Question 46

what does klumpke's palsy affect?

Answer 46

lower trunk C8-T1