Neuro Flashcards
Concussion
Loss of consciousness
Contusion
Haemorrhage withing cerebrum, w/ parenchymal integrity maintained- so tears, the bleeding is within it.
Laceration
Tearing of parenchyma
Coup lesions
Lesion on the side that the trauma happens too.
Contrecoup lesions
Damage to the side of the brain opposite the trauma. Not uncommon, cause the brain is hanging in CT like a net, so trauma can happen to one side, cause it to move and cause damage to the other side.
What clinical signs would you see w/ a haematoma inside an intact skull?
An artery torn due to haemorrhage, suspect trauma etc causes the haematoma- a blood-filled space. It leads to > ICP, causing CENTRAL BLINDNESS–> DILATED PUPILS CAUSE CAN’T PERCEIVE LIGHT, HERNIATION (CAN SEE BULGING OF CEREBELLUM INTO SC AT THE BACK). Need to get in there quickly and drill a hole to relieve pressure.
If you have a patient having seizures, does it definitely have CNS disease?
YES- it may not be a pathological lesion, it could be metabolic disorders but yes.
If you have a patient with syncope, does it definitely have CNS disease?
Not necessarily
If you’re doing a post mortem, and you cut a section of the brain that autofluoresces under UV lgiht, what do you have?
Polioencephalomalacia (necrosis of grey matter in cerebrum). May be caused by thiamin deficiency/thiaminases if Hx is consistent w/ that.
Where does myasthenia gravis exert its effects?
At the NMJ- it inhibits the ACh receptors. So release of ACh is normal, but there’s not a lot of receptors for it.
What kind of paralysis do you get with myasthenia gravis?
Flaccid- loss of motor tone. SImilar to botulism but less extreme!
What is a common site of flaccid paralysis caused by myasthenia gravis in the dog?
The oesophagus- cause it contains skeletal muscle in the dog. Can result in megaesophagus.
