Neuro Flashcards
1
Q
Systemic problems affecting the brain?
A
- Shock/hypotension
- Hypoxia
- Intoxication
- Metabolic disturbances (Hypoglycaemia)
- Hypercapnia
2
Q
Primary brain problems affecting levels of consciousness ?
A
- Structural
- Trauma
- CVA
- ICH
- Infection
- Seizures
3
Q
Meningism?
A
This can occur in SAH and meningitis. Resistance against neck flexion
4
Q
Components of ICP?
A
- Blood
- Brain tissue
- CSF
5
Q
What is the normal range of ICP?
A
10 - 20 mmHg
6
Q
Components of the cushing’s reflex?
A
- Hypertension
- Bradycardia
- Abnormal respiratory pattern
7
Q
What is the CPP?
A
MAP - ICP
8
Q
Cerebral autoregulation is maintained in a range of CPP?
A
60 - 160 mmHg
9
Q
Systemic problems affecting the brain?
A
- Shock/Hypotension
- Hypoxia
- Intoxication
- Metabolic disturbances (Low BM/High CO2)
10
Q
Primary brain pathologies?
A
- Structural - trauma, stroke or ICH
- Infection - Seizures or status
11
Q
Determinants of raised ICP?
A
- Brain tissue
- Blood
- CSF
12
Q
What is normal ICP?
A
10-20mmHg
13
Q
What are the potential causes of raised ICP?
A
- ICH
- Abscess
- Oedema
- Hydrocephalus
- Reduced outflow of blood - Venous clot
- Cerebral venous sinus thromboses
14
Q
what is tentorial herniation?
A
- Cerebrum - Uncus of temporal lobe
- Forced through tentorium downwards
- mid-brain compression
15
Q
What is tonsillar herniation?
A
- Coning
- Movement of cerebellar tonsils downwards through the foramen magnum
- Compression of medulla & brainstem dysfunction