Neuro Flashcards
TRIAD of West syndrome
Infantile epileptic spasm
developmental regression
EEG = hypsarrhythmia
between 2-12mos
Severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy
Dravet syndrome
start: focal febrile status epilepticus or focal febrile seizures
later: manifests myoclonic and other seizure types
Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy
Ohtahara syndrome
manifests tonic seizures and usually caused by brain malformations or syntaxin binding protein 1 mutations
triad of Lennox Gastaut
Developmental delay
Multiple seizure type: absence, myoclonic, astatic and tonic
EEG = 1-2Hz spike and slow waves, polyspike bursts in sleep and slow background in wakefulness
medications acting on sodium channels are effective against
partial seizure
medications acting on T-type calcium channels are effective against
Absence seizure
In 1/3 of case, in patients developing febrile status epilepticus, what viral infection is MC assoc
HHV 6- HHV 7
TRIAD imaging findings in TB meningitis
Hydrocephalus
Basal Enhancements
Infarcts
CSF return to bloodstream within vacuoes in the process of
Pinocytosis
absolute C/I to LP
signs of inc ICP
local infection ate the desired puncture site
radiologic signs of obstructive hydrocephalus, cerebral
herniation and the presence of an intracranial mass lesion or midline shift
Relative C/I to LP
Signs of shock, sepsis or hypotension
Coagulation defect - DIC, platelet count <50,000/mm3, and warfarin use
Focal neurological deficit
GCS < 8
Epileptic seizures
test that differentiate viral and bacterial meningitis
Procalcitonin
DOC for Meningococcemia
Penicillin G 250,000-300,000 U/kg/day IV for 5-7 days
Ceftriaxone
Cefotaxime
Pen G allergy of Meningococcemia
Chloramphenicol
Ciprofloxacin
Meropenem
treatment for Status migrainosus (persistent HA lasting >3days)
Prochlorperazine IV 0.15mg/kg, max 10mg
Mutations in tuberous sclerosis
TSC1 encodes –> protein hamartin and TSC2 encodes –> protein tuberin.
Diagnostic tests for GBS
CSF analysis: increased protein, normal glucose, no pleocytosis
Dissociation between high CSF protein and a lack of cellular response is diagnostic (albuminocytologic dissociation)
Associated conditions with GBS
Cranial nerve deficits
Miller-Fisher syndrome: acute ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, areflexia
MC malignant brain tumor in children
Medulloblastoma
at cerebellum
Homer wright rosette
4-8 y/o, M>F
MCC of arterial ischemic stroke in pedia
Arteriopathy
only drug may be used for benign infantile seizure
phenobarbital
