Neuro Flashcards
What are gross motor skills
Truncal and major limb muscles which help mobility
What are fine motor skills
Fine movements- using hands mainly
Also encompasses vision
If patient has speech problems what is important to check first
Check auditory system
Which develops first hearing or expressive development
Hearing
What are primitive reflexes
Reflexes we are born with but we lose at 3 months
What are the primitive reflexes
Sucking and rooting
Palmar grasp
Stepping
Asymmetric tonic reflex (ATNR)
mORO
Babinski
Which is worse neonatally hypothermia, hypoglycaemia or hypoxia
Hypoglycaemia is the worst
Then hypoxia and hypothermia
What is the sucking and rooting reflex
If tickle side of mouth, baby will try to suck it
Evolutionary purpose of sucking and rooting
First evolved as means can not go hypoglycaemic
What is the palmar grasp
If stimulate the palm then baby will try to grab it
Disappears by 1 year
What is the stepping reflex
If hold baby up will lift foot up as if taking step
What is the asymmetic tonic neck reflex
If turn babies neck then will get extension on that side of the body
What is the moro reflex
If move baby or hears loud noise will extend arms upwards then move them back to body
Why is babinskis reflex significant in babies
Myelin not formed properly by age of 1 so get positive babinskis
What are the protective reflexes
Head righting and parachute
Need to develop these before can attain motor development
What is head righting
If baby is sat and move the baby it will move neck to make sure its neck remains perpendicular
When should babies develop head righting
4-6 months
What is the parachute reflex
If when try to stand outstretch arms to protect the head
When should develop parachute reflex
7-9 MONTHS
What happens to grip in development in first year of life
Initially develop full hand grip then move to mature pincer but lose full hand grip a bit
Principles of learning development milestones
6wks
6months
12months
18months
24months
36months
When do children normally stand by
10 months
Gross motor development milestones
6wks- head control
6mths- no head lag, sitting
12mths- pulls to stand, walking, cruising
18mths- walks well, run
24mths- climbs stairs (1 step), kicks ball
36mths- standing on one leg, climbs stairs
Fine motor and vision
6wks- fixes and follows
6mths- full hand grip, hand to hand transfer
12 mths- mature pincer, pointing
18mths- build tower of 3 blocks, hand preferance, scribbles
24 mths- build tower of 7 blocks, circular scribbles
36mths- draw circle, imitates bridge