NEUR 0010 - Chapter1

Question 1

What did Aristotle claim was the brain’s function?

Answer 1

Cooler to cool the blood heated by the heart

Question 2

How did Galen differentiate the cerebrum and cerebellum?

Answer 2

Cerebrum as recipient of sensations, cerebellum as commander of muscles

Question 3

What did Galen think of the ventricles?

Answer 3

Sensors of movement and sensation through movement of the four humors using nerves as fluid tubes

Question 4

What was Descartes’ major contribution to Galen’s view of the brain?

Answer 4

Decided there must also be a mind that placed humans above animas

Question 5

What are gyri?

Answer 5

Brain bumps

Question 6

What are sulci and fissures?

Answer 6

Brain grooves (yeah man, groovy…)

Question 7

What is the Sylvian fissure?

Answer 7

The large fissure dividing the frontal and temporal lobes

Question 8

What is the central sulcus?

Answer 8

The sulcus dividing the frontal love from the parietal lobe

Question 9

When did people finally realize that muscles don’t move through nerves’ fluid pumps?

Answer 9

Franklin, Galvani, du Bois-Reymond: show that muscles twitch when electrically stimulates, and that the brain can generate electricity

Question 10

Explain what Bell and Magendie discovered about the dorsal vs ventral roots when nerves approach the spinal cord.

Answer 10

Ventral roots (front) control motion, dorsal roots (back) control sensation

Question 11

Whose work justified the use of animal models?

Answer 11

Darwin’s: if we’re descended from common ancestors, certain aspects of our nervous system are the same/similar