NEU10002 Neuroscience 2

Question 1

functional organisation of grey matter in SC

Answer 1

posterior - dorsal horn: sensory neurons
anterior - ventral horn: motor neurons
lateral horn - visceral neurons

Question 2

name & location of the 4 major nerve plexuses

Answer 2

cervical: C1-C5
brachial: C5-T1
lumbar: T12-L4
sacral: L4-S4

Question 3

length of vertebral canal in rel to the SC

Answer 3

vertebral canal is longer: SC typically ends at L1 or L2

Question 4

CN X: Vagus nerve: fn

Answer 4

mixed (s&m)
widely distributed in thorax and abdomen

Question 5

divisions of the vertebrae

Answer 5

24 articulating:
- 7 cervical
- 12 thoracic
- 5 lumbar
and fused:
- 5 sacrum
- 3-5 coccyx

Question 6

CN XI-XII: Accessory & Hypoglossal nerves: areas

Answer 6

accessory: motor to muscles of neck and upper back
hypoglossal: motor - tongue movements

Question 7

CN IX: Glossopharyngeal nerve: fn & origin

Answer 7

fn - mixed (s & m) of head and neck
origin -
- sensory - tongue, pharynx & palate, carotid arteries
- motor - motor nuclei of medulla oblongata

Question 8

CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear nerve: functions

Answer 8

special sensory
- balance and equilibrium (vestibular nerve)
- hearing (cochlear nerve)

Question 9

CN VII: Facial Nerve: primary fns (4), origins

Answer 9

fns
- mixed (S & M) of face
- special sensory - taste
- somatic motor - muscles of facial expression
- visceral motor - gland fn
origin
- sensory - taste receptors on the tongue (anterior)
- motor - motor nuclei of pons
bells palsy

Question 10

CN V: Trigeminal Nerve: primary fn

Answer 10

mixed (sensory & motor) of face
(largest cranial nerves)

Question 11

CN controlling the extrinsic eye muscles

Answer 11

oculomotor
trochlear
abducens

Question 12

cranial nerves - purely motor

Answer 12

CNIII, IV, VI, XI & XII

Question 13

cranial nerves - purely sensory

Answer 13

CNI, II, VIII

Question 14

cranial nerves - both sensory & motor (mixed)

Answer 14

CNV, VII, IX, X

Question 15

cranial nerves and their corresponding number

Answer 15

I - OLFACTORY
II - OPTIC
III - OCULOMOTOR
IV - TROCHLEAR
V - TRIGEMINAL
VI - ABDUCENS
VII - FACIAL
VIII - VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR
IX - GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
X - VAGUS
XI - ACCESSORY
XII - HYPOGLOSSAL

Question 16

CNI: Olfactory Nerve: primary fn, origin & termination location

Answer 16

special sensory - smell
origin - receptors of olfactory epithelium
terminate - olfactory bulbs

Question 17

CNII: Optic Nerve: primary fn, origin & termination

Answer 17

special sensory - vision & part of visual pathway
origin - retina of eye
termination - optic chiasm (margin of diencephalon)

Question 18

main arteries which supply the brain

Answer 18

L and R Vertebral arteries (originate from subclavian)
L and R Internal Carotid arteries (originate from Common Carotid artery)

Question 19

two main territories of blood circulation in the brain

Answer 19

anterior > Internal Carotid artery
posterior > Vertebral artery

Question 20

which brain regions does the basilar artery supply?

Answer 20

brainstem
cerebellum

Question 21

circle of willis

Answer 21

provides cerebral blood flow through R and L hemispheres, anterior and posterior areas. compensates if one part of circulation is inadequate

Question 22

which areas of the brain does the MCA supply?

Answer 22

(most common site of stroke)
motor cortex
sensory cortex
broca’s area
wernicke’s area

Question 23

which areas of the brain does the ACA supply?

Answer 23

pre-frontal motor cortex
frontal “”
supplementary “”
primary motor
primary sensory cortex

Question 24

which areas of the brain does the PCA supply?

Answer 24

occipital lobe
splenium of the corpus callosum
thalamus