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ICT > Networks > Flashcards

Networks Flashcards

1
Q

what is a network

A

two or more computers that are connected for the purpose of communication

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2
Q

what are the 2 network types

A

LANS
WANS

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3
Q

what does LAN stand for

A

local area network

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4
Q

what does WAN stand for

A

wide area network

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5
Q

what is a LAN

A

a network that covers a small geographical area

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6
Q

what is a WAN

A

a network that covers a large geographical area and is made up of LANS

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7
Q

what are the 2 network models

A

client-server
peer-to-peer

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8
Q

what is a client-server network

A

a network model where a central server stores all the files and recourses, and a computer(client) requests data from the server

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9
Q

what is an advantage of client server network

A

backups and updates can occur centrally

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10
Q

what is a peer-to-peer network

A

a network where files are decentralised and each computer stores their own files

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11
Q

what are some disadvantages of peer-to-peer

A

updates and backups may need to be performed on each computer

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12
Q

what are 4 factors that affect the performance of a network

A
  • number of users
  • distance to the router
  • interference of physical objects
  • transmission media
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13
Q

describe a switch, its purpose and how it works

A

a piece of hardware that creates networks. It is responsible for re-broadcasting data to the correct recipient in a network and does this by inspecting MAC addresses

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14
Q

what network hardware is used to connect a LAN to a LAN

A

a bridge

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15
Q

what network hardware is used to connect a LAN to a WAN

A

gateway

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16
Q

describe a router, its purpose and how it works

A

hardware that allows networks to connect and communicate with other networks. it does this by forwarding data packets to the intended recipients by inspecting the IP address

17
Q

what is a repeater

A

hardware that relays data from a wired network to a wireless device, it is used to extend the coverage of a network

18
Q

what is NIC

A

a network interface card is a unique chip that is built into a computer that contains a MAC address allowing it to connect to a network

19
Q

what is a Modem

A

a model is used to connect a network to the internet, it converts digital signals from the computer into analogue that can be transferred to a modem at the receiving location where it performs the reverse process

20
Q

explain MAC address

A

is a hexadecimal number that is built into the hardware of the computer, it is unique so it allows individuals’ computers to be identified on a network/LAN

21
Q

explain IP address

A

is a denary code that is configured in software and can be changed as needed. it is used for routing data across a WAN

22
Q

what are the 4 network topologies

A

star
ring
bus
mesh

23
Q

what is a star network

A

consists of a central switch with all other nodes connected to it. all the data will pass through the central switch

24
Q

what are the 3 advantages of a star network

A

easy to add new devices
easy to troubleshoot and isolate faults
the network continues to run if a computer fails

25
Q

what are the 3 disadvantages of a Star network

A

higher latency - the data must travel through the central switch
limited cable length
single point of failure

26
Q

what is a ring network

A

each device is connected to exactly 2 other devices forming a circular loop or ring, data is transmitted in one direction passing devices until it reaches its destination

27
Q

what is 1 advantage of a ring network

A

data is transmitted in an organised way, which makes it an efficient

28
Q

what are 3 disadvantages of the ring network

A

not scalable can become slow and congested
single point of failure

29
Q

what is a bus network

A

where all the devices are connected to a single cable known as the bus. data will be sent up or down the bus to transfer data across the network until it reaches the destination

30
Q

what are 2 pros of bus networks

A

easy to add new devices
cheap to install and maintain

31
Q

what are 2 cons of bus networks

A

single point of failure
not scalable

32
Q

what is a mesh network

A

each device acts as a router and forwards data to its destination. each device will select the best path and send the data. each node will be connected to each other.

33
Q

what are 2 advantages of a mesh network

A

data can be transmitted quickly
no single point of failure

34
Q

what is the disadvantage of a mesh network?

A

not scalable
expensive

ICT (19 decks)

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