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Udemy Net+ 10-009 > Networking Fundamentals > Flashcards

Networking Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

What is a network

A

Interconnected devices that communicate and share resources and information

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2
Q

How are networks categorized ?

A

By their size and structure

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3
Q

What is the main purpose of a network ?

A

To share resources

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4
Q

Define a host

A

Deivce or system on a network that uses, provides, or shares resources and services

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5
Q

Generally, any device with an IP address

A

Host

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6
Q

What is a server ?

A

Computer or system that provides resources, data, services, or programs to clients

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7
Q

Define a workstation

A

High-performance comouter designed for technical or scientific applications, often used by one person at a time

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8
Q

Client machine

A

Computer or device that accesses services, applications, or resources provided by a server

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9
Q

Network devices

A

Allows servers, workstations, and clients to connect and share resources

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10
Q

What are some network devices examples ?

A

Routers, switches, AP, and firewalls

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11
Q

Define a LAN

A

Small geographic areas like a home, office, or building

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12
Q

Wide area network

A

Large geographical area often a country or continent

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13
Q

What is the largest WAN ?

A

The Internet

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14
Q

Metropolitan area network

A

Larger than a LAN, but smaller than a WAN

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15
Q

Campus area network

A

Network that interconnects multiple LANs within a limited area

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16
Q

Storage area network

A

High-speed network that provides access to consolidated data storage

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17
Q

What is the primary use of SANs ?

A

Store data that requires high throughput and low latency

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18
Q

Examples of a SAN storage device?

A

Disk arrays, optical jukeboxes, and tape libraries

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19
Q

Personal area network

A

Covers a small area

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20
Q

Example of a PAN technology?

A

Bluetooth

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21
Q

What is WLAN ?

A

Wireless LAN

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22
Q

Two types of network architecture?

A

Peer-to-peer and client-server

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23
Q

Peer-to-peer networks

A

Decentralized network architecture where each device can act both as a client and server

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24
Q

Does a P2P need a central server ?

A

No

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25
Q

Client-server network

A

Network architecture where multiple client devices connect to a central server

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26
Q

Why would you prefer client-server networks ?

A

Control the access in the network

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27
Q

What is a network backbone ?

A

Main infrastructure that interconencts various segments of a computer network

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28
Q

What does a backbone provide ?

A

Central pathway for data exchange

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29
Q

What is the backbone composed of ?

A

High-speed, high-capacity links of core routers or switches

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30
Q

What do the core routers or switches handle ?

A

The bulk of network traffic and ensure efficient data transmission across the network

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31
Q

Network segments

A

Smaller subnetworks or clusters of devices that connect to the backbone

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32
Q

What network devices can be included on a segment ?

A

Computers, switches, servers, and other hardware

33
Q

What do segments rely on ?

A

The backbone to communicate with other segments and access shared resources and services

34
Q

What can segments represent ?

A

Different departments or areas

35
Q

Network topologies

A

Layout or arrangements of elements of a computer network

36
Q

What do the unique configurations and characteristics influence on the network ?

A

Performance, reliability, and scalability

37
Q

Point-to-point topology

A

Direct connection between two networking devices via cable or wireless

38
Q

What is P2P mainly used for ?

A

Dedicated connections

39
Q

Mesh topology

A

Each host is connected to every other host, no cental connecting point

40
Q

What does the mesh ensure ?

A

High availability and redundancy

41
Q

Pros and cons of mesh ?

A

Pros-most fault taulerant
Cons- most expensive, complex, and difficult to expand

42
Q

Star/hub and spoke

A

All nodes are connected to a central node such as a switch, hub, wireless AP

43
Q

What does a star/hub and spoke setup ?

A

Simplifies network management and troubleshooting but creates a single point of failure

44
Q

Hybrid topology

A

Combines two or more different topologies

45
Q

What does a hybrid offer in network design ?

A

Flexibility to meet specific needs

46
Q

Three-tier hierarchical model

A

Structured approach to network design that breaks the network into three distinct layers

47
Q

Does each layer from the three-tier model server a purpose ? What are the purposes ?

A

Yes they optimize perfomance, scalability, and maintainability

48
Q

What are the three main layers of the three-tier model?

A

Core, distribution, and access

49
Q

What is the core layer ? What does it do ?

A

Backbone of the network, handling high-speed packet switching across the entire network

50
Q

What are the responsibilities of the core layer ?

A

Speed and realiable routing of data

51
Q

What characteristics does the core layer need ?

A

high redundancy and fault tolerance needed to avoid downtime

52
Q

Distribution layer

A

Intermediary between access and core layers, managing routing, filtering, and WAN access

53
Q

Access layer

A

Networks point of entry for devices and end users, connecting them to the network

54
Q

What does the access layer include ?

A

Switches and AP that provide connectivity to network devices

55
Q

Spine and leaf

A

Two-layer network topology

56
Q

What do the spine and leaf switches server as ?

A

Spine =backbone
Leaf = access

57
Q

What do the spine and leaf topologies do to the leaf switches ?

A

Connect all leaf switches without interconnecting with each other

58
Q

Collapsed core architecture and its benefits

A

Merges core and distribution layers, simplifies network design, and reduces hardware costs

59
Q

Where is collapsed core ideal for ?

A

Small-to-medium sized networks

60
Q

What does collapsed core facilitate ?

A

Management and maintenance while enhancing performance by reducing latency

61
Q

Two terms for data flow in networks ?

A

North-south and east-west

62
Q

North-south traffic

A

Flow of network traffic between the data center and the outside world (internet, other data centers)

63
Q

What is North-South typically include ?

A

Client-to-server communication

64
Q

East-west traffic

A

Flow of data packets between servers and devices within the data center

65
Q

What does east-west typically include ?

A

Server-to-server, server-to-storage, VM-to-VM

66
Q

What does east-west highlight ?

A

Importance of internal networking to support high volumes of internal data exchange

67
Q

Unicast

A

Sent from one source to one specific destination identified by IP address

68
Q

What is the most common form of IP communication ?

A

Unicast

69
Q

Multicast

A

From one of more sources to multiple destinations simultaneously

70
Q

What applications is multicast efficient for ?

A

Streaming audio or video

71
Q

What does streaming audio or video with multicast help with ?

A

Reducing bandwidth consumption

72
Q

Why is the multicast approach used in IPv4 and IPv6 ?

A

Optimizes the delivery of packets to multiple destinations

73
Q

Anycast

A

Nearest or best destination as determined by the routing protocols

74
Q

In which applications is anycast used ?

A

DNS and CDN(content delivery network) services

75
Q

How can anycast improve network performance ?

A

Automatically routing requests to the nearest data center

76
Q

Broadcast

A

One sender to all potential receivers within a network segment

77
Q

Is broadcast used in IPv4 and IPv6 ?

A

IPv4 used to send data to all devices on a LAN
IPv6 does not support it. Multicast instead

78
Q

What are the resources of a network ?

A

data, applications, and devices

79
Q

What are the features of spine and leaf topologies

A

highly scalable and minimizing latency

Udemy Net+ 10-009 (7 decks)

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