IP Addressing Flashcards
IPv4
Four octets, 32 bits, number range between 0-255
What makes up classful networking ?
Class A, B, C
Provide 1st octect, # of hosts, and subnet mask for Class A.
1-126, 16.7 million hosts, and 255.0.0.0
Provide 1st octect, # of hosts, and subnet mask for Class B.
128-191, 65k hosts, and 255.255.0.0
Provide 1st octect, # of hosts, and subnet mask for Class C.
192-223, 254 hosts, and 255.255.255.0
What are the private/NAT addresses (non-routable IPv4 addresses) ?
10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0-172.31.255 255
192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255
APIPA (automatic private IP address)
Self assigned by a host when DHCP is not available
What range is reserved for APIPA ?
169.254.0.0-169.254.255.255
What is the multicast IP range ?
224.0.0.0-239.255.255.255
Loopback (local host)
Used for a host to communicate to itself
Loopback IP address
Anything in 127.0.0.0 range
Why are loopback addresses used ?
Test network connectivity on a local machine by sending packets to itself
What does subnetting do ?
Taking bigger classful networks and breaking them down into smaller subnetworks
Benefits of subnetting ?
Minimize broadcasting, optimized network performance, simplified management, and security
What are some of the IPv6 benefits ?
More addresses, IPSec, no broadcast/multicast based, plug-n-play/auto-configuration
What is an IPv6 address ?
128 bits divided into 8 fields, each being 16 bits
What do the first 64 bits mean in IPv6 ?
Assigned to an organization (network prefix)
What does the IPv6 interface-ID provide ?
Identifies a unique interface on a host
IPv6 compression
Drop leading zeros, use double colon for groups of zeros (can only be used once)
Global unicast addresses
Publicly routable addresses used to communicate outside of a local network (2000::/3)
Unique local addresses
Non-publicly routable addresses used to communicate within a local network (FC00::/7)(FD00/8)
Link local addresses
Replacement for APIPA (FE80::/10)
What is the multicast IPv6 address
FF00::/8
Loopback IPv6
::1, used for testing
Anycast IPv6
One to nearest