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GCSE Computer Science - J276 > Networking > Flashcards

Networking Flashcards

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1
Q

What is WAN?

A

Wide area network

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2
Q

What are the advantages of networking?

A

Communication - transferring files across a network

Sharing resources - files on one computer can be accessed by others and multiple computers can share a printer etc

Networking management - can log onto any computer within a LAN will give you your personal files

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3
Q

What is a router?

A

This allows communication between at LAN and the Internet

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4
Q

What is a hub?

A

A device which can have lots of computers connected to it usually with Ethernet cables and allows computers to communicate with one and other

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5
Q

What is a switch?

A

Performs the same job as a hub (connecting computers so they can communicate) but it remembers the locations of the devices plugged into it making it more efficient because fewer unnecessary signals travel down the wrong cable

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6
Q

What is a wireless access point?

A

Any device which allows connection to the network without any cables (usually a router)

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7
Q

What is a network interface card?

A

Each computer connected to an network must have one of these, this replaces where the Ethernet cable would be attached / where the wireless signal would be recieved

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8
Q

What are the common models for creating a network?

A

Client server

Peer-to-peer

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9
Q

What is a client-server model?

A

A server holds all of the files, if any of the clients want a file they they must request the files from the server

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10
Q

What is a peer-to-peer model?

A

This model is where all computers have equal standing they all store files and any peer can transmit a file to another file

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11
Q

What model is the most secure?

A

Client-server because security can be focused on the machine which holds all of the files

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12
Q

What is an IP (Internet protocol) address?

A

A unique number assigned to a device on a network. It ensures data reaches the right device

Not all devices have the same IP address everyone time they log onto the network

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13
Q

What is a MAC (media access control) address?

A

Another unique number hard wired into a device which cannot be changed

It is a hexadecimal number

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14
Q

What is a protocol?

A

These are used in communication between computers and their peripherals (eg printers, scanners) and between computers on a network.

A protocol is a set of rules that computers must follow in order to communicate

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15
Q

What is HTTP?

A

Hypertext transfer protocol

This is a set of rules governing how hypertext is moved around the Internet from device to device

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16
Q

What is POP3?

A

Post office protocol version 3

A protocol for accessing emails, it is commonly used in Microsoft outlook

It takes the emails from an online location and open them in the outlook environment

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17
Q

What is a SMTP?

A

Simple mail transfer protocol

Where POP3 is used to retrieve emails, SMTP is used to send them from one server to another

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18
Q

What is FTP?

A

File transfer protocol

How files are moved from one computer to another across the Internet

Heavily relied on in building websites so the developer can move their files from their computer to a server which they can then be accessed publicly

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19
Q

What is LAN?

A

Local area network

20
Q

What is a packet?

A

When data is sent across a LAN or a WAN it is broken up into small chunks, packets.

21
Q

What is inside a packet?

A

Packet header - includes the source address and destination of the packet as well as an identification number which is needed to reassemble the data

22
Q

What are the advantages of packaging?

A

The packers don’t need to take the same routes around the network as each other

The packets don’t need to arrive in the same order as they left as they get reassembled

If one packet is sent incorrectly only that packet needs to be resent not the entire piece of data

23
Q

What are methods of network security?

A

Passwords

User access levels

Encryption

24
Q

What are some network policies?

A

Acceptable use

Backup

Failover

Disaster recovery

Archive

25
Q

What is acceptable use?

A

The policy states what certain users are permitted to do and what their not permitted to do

26
Q

What is the backup policy?

A

States what data will be backed up from the network, how / where it will be backed up and how it will be used to store data

27
Q

TCP/IP

A

De facto standard for transmitting data online

28
Q

What is TCP concerned with?

A

The hosts connection

29
Q

What is IP concerned with?

A

Packet construction

30
Q

How are packets transported around a network and what is this called?

A

Packet switching is: Forwarding from one router to another

31
Q

How does packet switching improve reliability of sending messages?

A

If one route is down another can be found

32
Q

TCP/IP

A

Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

33
Q

TCP

A

Concerned with the connection of hosts

34
Q

IP

A

Concerned with the construction of packets

35
Q

What is a protocol ?

A

Rules and standards

36
Q

What are packets?

A

Pieces of a message

37
Q

What is packet switching?

A

Where packets from the same message take different routes to avoid traffic

38
Q

What is IP addressing?

A

The addresses which packets are sent to

39
Q

What bit numbers are IP addresses?

A

32 bits

40
Q

What is a MAC address?

A

A unique number stored in NIC cards so the device can be identified on a network

41
Q

What type of number are MAC addresses?

A

Six pairs of hexadecimal

42
Q

Backups

A

A backup of all of the data stored in a network, should be done regularly to keep it up to date

43
Q

Archives

A

Old data no longer in regular use kept for legal reasons and in case it is needed again

44
Q

Failover

A

Software which detects potential disasters and if so transfers data to a duplicate system to avoid data loss

45
Q

Disaster recovery

A

A documented plan which covers what to do in the event of data loss

GCSE Computer Science - J276 (9 decks)

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