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CompTIA - Network+ > Network Naming > Flashcards

Network Naming Flashcards

1
Q

NetBIOS

A
  • used broadcasts for name resolution
  • computer broadcasted its mac and name when booted up
  • broadcasts made it unacceptable for large networks
  • only handled names, SMB handled sharing
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2
Q

NetBIOS ports

A

TCP ports 137 and 139

UDP ports 137 and 138

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3
Q

SMB

A

Server Message Block

  • shared files and folders over NetBIOS
  • TCP port 445
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4
Q

DNS ports

A

UDP port 53

sometimes TCP 53

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5
Q

DNS root servers

A

Top level of internet computers
name is a dot .
delegate name resolution to top-level domain servers

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6
Q

TLD

A

Top level domains

com, org, net, edu, gov, mil, int

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7
Q

who runs TLD

A

ICANN

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

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8
Q

hostname chars are limited to

A

letters, numbers and a hypen

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9
Q

is dns case sensative?

A

no

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10
Q

FQDN

A

Fully Qualified Domain Name

- complete DNS name

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11
Q

DNS char limit

A

255

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12
Q

zone

A

a container for a single domain that gets filled with records

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13
Q

record

A

a line in the zone data that maps an FQDN to an IP address

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14
Q

authoritative name server

A

single DNS server on a domain

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15
Q

who registers domain names

A

ICANN

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16
Q

DNS resolver cache

A

a memory area that also includes any recently resolved addresses

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17
Q

see current DNS server windows CLI

A

ipconfig /all

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18
Q

see current DNS server Unix/Linux

A

cat /etc/resolv.conf

19
Q

view DNS cache in Windows CLI

A

ipconfig /displaydns

20
Q

most popular DNS server in UNIX/Linux

A

Bind

21
Q

cache-only dns server

A
  • never authoritative
  • only used to talk to other DNS servers to resolve IP addresses
  • resolved FQDN’s are cached to speed up future lookups
22
Q

forward lookup zones

A

record of IP addresses and FQDNs for computers with a domain

23
Q

CNAME

A

canonical name record

- acts like an alias

24
Q

AAAA Records

A

equivalent of A records, but for IPv6

25
Q

MX Records

A

used exclusively by SMTP servers to determine where to send mail

26
Q

SRV Record

A

Generic type of record that supports any type of server

27
Q

TXT Record

A

A freeform record that can be used for anything

28
Q

Two types of Forward Lookup Zones

A

Primary - created on the DNS server that will act as the primary server
Secondary - created on other DNS servers to act as backups to the primary zone

29
Q

Reverse lookup zones

A

enables a system to determine an FQDN by knowing the IP address, called a PTR (pointer) record

30
Q

SMB ports

A

With NetBIOS - TCP 137 & 139, UDP 137 & 138

Without NetBIOS - TCP 445

31
Q

Active Directory

A
  • organization of related computers that share one or more domains
  • no single domain controller, all controllers are equal
32
Q

Active Directory DNS

A
  • all domain controllers are DNS servers

- automatically send DNS info to each other, eliminating zone transfers

33
Q

Active Directory DNS

A
  • all domain controllers are DNS servers

- automatically send DNS info to each other, eliminating zone transfers

34
Q

DNS forwarding

A

forward any DNS request that is not authoritative

35
Q

DDNS

A

Dynamic DNS

  • enabled DNS servers to get automatic updates of IP addresses of computers in their forward lookup zones by talking to DHCP server
  • when DHCP server updates records, it reports it to DNS server
36
Q

Force DNS server to update its records

A

ipconfig /registerdns

37
Q

DNSSEC

A

DNS Security Extensions

  • prevents others from impersonating legitimate DNS servers
  • implemented through EDNS (Extension Mechanisims for DNS)
38
Q

IPAM

A

IP Address Management

  • softwae that includes at minimum a DHCP and DNS server that are specially designed to work together
  • Windows Server uses IPAM
39
Q

Clear DNS cache on windows

A

ipconfig /flushdns

40
Q

extra dns query tool on unix/linux

A

dig (domain information grouper)

41
Q

Steps to diagnose network troubles

A

1) Diagnose the NIC
2) Check NIC driver
3) Diagnose Locally - ping other resources on network
4) Check IP and Subnet
5) Run netstat - can show broken applications not connected
6) Run netstat -s
7) Diagnose to the Gateway
8) Diagnose to the Internet

42
Q

NetBIOS uses what type of namespace?

A

flat

43
Q

cant ping loopback

A

broken nic

44
Q

what is checked first when trying to resolve an FQDN to an IP address?

A

host file

CompTIA - Network+ (15 decks)

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