Installing Network Flashcards
Structured cabling
set of standards to install cable in a safe and orderly fashion
TIA/EIA
Telecommunications Industry Association / Electronic Industry Alliance
Two types of UTP
solid core (single solid wire, better conductor) stranded core (bundle of wires, harder to break)
What type of cabling should horizontal runs be?
solid core
Four-pair only cables
Cat 5e and later
IDF
Intermediate distribution frame
- telecommunications room
- where all the horizontal runs come together
Equipment rack width
19 inches
Equipment rack unit
U - 1.75 inches
Patch panel
a box with rows of female ports on the front, and permanant connections in the back for horizontal runs
Most common patch panel
110 block
old patch panel used for phones
66 block
demarc
physical location of the internet connection, marks the dividing line of responsibility for the functioning of the network
other names for demarc
NIU - Network Interface Unit
NIB - Network Interface Box
NID - Network Interface Device
Demarc connects to?
CPE (Customer-premises Equipment)
Main switch in an MDF
Vertical cross-connect
MDF
Main distribution Frame - serves IDFs
Steps to Install Cable
1) get or create floor plan
2) map runs and drops
3) Determine location of IDF
4) pull cable
Determining the location of the Telecommunications room
1) distance
2) power
3) humidity
4) cooling
5) access
wiremap test
picks up continuity, shorts, crossed wires
TDR
Time domain reflectometer
- can detect where a break is on a cable
NEXT
Near-end crosstalk
- crosstalk at the end being tested
FEXT
Far-end crosstalk
- crosstalk at the opposite end being tested
How is crosstalk measured
dB
Attenuation
signal gets weaker as it travels down the line
increases crosstalk
Jitter
a delay in completing a transmission of all the frames in a message
Cable Certifier
can do both high-end testing and generate a report to prove runs pass TIA/EIA standards
dirty fiber connector
can cause signal loss. dont smudge the glass
dispersion
signal loss for fiber when signal travels too far
bend radius limitation
limit fiber can be bent. over this will cause light leakage.
transceiver mismatch
component might fit, but have the wrong signal
cable or fiber mismatch
wrong kind of cable in component
wavelength mismatch
different fiber components are designed for different wavelengths
OTDR
Optical Time Domain Reflectometer
- tests fiber runs
- can tell the distance of a break
Three biggest problems with fiber
attenuation, light leakage and modal distortion
Bonding
using multiple NICs for a single machine
- also called link aggregation
LACP
Link Aggregation Control Protocol
- controls how multiple network devices send and receive data as a single connection
Link light
Steady on for good connection
flashing for bad connection
Activity light
turns on when NIC detects traffic
Collision light
turns on when NIC runs into collision
First place to check with fiber optic problems?
the connections
- the only place people can touch
UPS
Uninterruptible Power Supply
- battery backup that plugs into a wall
- gives enough power to shut down in an orderly fashion
Voltage Event Recorder
Plugs into power outlet and tracks voltage over time
