Network layout Flashcards
What is a Client?
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defines a device an end users uses to access a network.
A computer
What is a Bridge?
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Connects two networks segments together and is a selective repeater it examines the mac address of the traffic.
a box with a U on top
What is a Sever?
It serves up resources to a network.
What is a Hub?
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that interconnect network components such as clients and servers. It is a layer 1 device.
Is a square with 1 arrow
What is a Switch?
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Is a controller enabling networked devices to talk to each other efficiently. This is done by MAC address. Which is a layer 2 device. [is a square with to arrows]
What is a Router?
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is a layer 3 device that forwards decision based on logical network addresses. [ a circle with arrow towards and away from each other
What is a LAN?
Local Area Network. Interconnects network components within a local area.
What is a WAN?
Wide Area Network. Interconnects networks components that are geographically separated.
What is a CAN?
Campus Area Network. Are when multiple LAN on a campus or business park
What is a MAN?
Metropolitan Area Network. Interconnected locations scattered throughout a metropolitan area.
What is a PAN?
Personal Area Network. whose scale is even smaller than a LAN. usually connected between a PC.
What is Logical topology?
The actual flow of network track?
What is Physical topology?
The physically interconnected components of a network.
What is Point to Point?
The simplest it only connects 2 end points.
What is a Bus topology?
Each machine is connected to a single cable. A signal is sent to all connect devices until it fined the correct MAC address.
What is a Star topology?
Each network host is connected to a central hub with a point to point connections. The hub acts as a single booster or repeater. Information can not be shared with a single computer in the topology.
What is a Ring topology?
that is set up in a circular fashion which data travels around the ring in one direction and each device on the ring acts as a repeater to keep the signal strong.
How many layers are in the OSI model.
7
What are the layers of the OSI model
physical data link network transport session presentation Application
What is the Layer 1 and its meaning?
What is its PDU?
Physical
Is responsible for the transmission and reception of instructed raw data between devices.
This is the physical devices. Such as Ethernet, Bluetooth, USB, Hub
PDU is Bits.
What is PDU
protocol data unit. the unit for a layer in the OSI model
Some People Fear Birthdays. Segments Packets Frame Bits
What are the 2 types of Synchronizing bits?
Asynchronous - Only one sender at a time normally based on a own internal clock.
Synchronous - Synchronizes the internal clock of both the sender and the receiver that they agree on when bits begin and end.
What are the 2 types of Bandwidth usage?
Broadband - divide the bandwidth available on a medium into different channels.
Baseband - uses all the available frequencies on a medium to transmit data. Ex. Ethernet.
What is multiplexing.
allows multiple communications sessions to share the same physical medium.
Name the 3 multiplexing strategies and there meanings
Time-division multiplexing - supports different communication sessions on the same physical medium by causing the sessions to take turns. This is also know as a time slot.
Statistical time division multiplexing - dynamically assigns time slots to communications sessions on a as -needed basis.
Frequency division multiplexing - divides a medium frequency range into channels, and different communications sessions transit their data over different channels.(broadband)
What is the layer 2 and its meaning?
What it’s PDU?
is concerned with packaging data into grams and transmitting those frames on the network. Performing Error detection/correction, uniquely identifying network devices with and address. and handling flow control.
Has two sub layers MAC and LLC.
PDU - Frames.
Devices NIC,SIWTCH,BRIDGE,WAP
What is MAC?
Media Access Control. is a 48 bit address assigned to a device.
The first 24 are for the vendor.
What is LLC?
Logical Link Controller. is responsible for identifying and encapsulating network layer protocols and controls error checking and frame synchronization.
What are the 2 types of Connection services?
Flow control - limits the amount of data a sender can send at one time.
Error control - Allows the recipient of data to let the sender know if an error occurs.
What are the 3 types of Synchronizing transmissions?
- Isochronous - network devices look to a common device in the network as a clock source, which creates fixed-length time slots.
- Asynchronous - a network device reference there own internal clock and network devices do not need to synchronize their clocks.
3 Synchronous 2 devices syncing using and external clock or channels to send communication.
What is layer 3 and its meaning?
What is its PDU?
Network Layer.
Responsible for forward data based on logical addresses. These are where routers live. this layer is responsible for routing data.
Common protocol IP/IPx/ICMP
PDU is Packets.
What is layer 4 and its meaning?
What is its PDU?
Transport Layer
Data are encapsulated into segments for t transmission to the lower layers of the OSI model.
Common protocols are TCP/UDP
PDU is segments
What is windowing?
is when one or more segments are sent at one time and a receiver can acknowledge the receipt fall the segments in a window.
What is buffering?
A devices allocates a chunk of memory to store segments if band-width is not currently available to transmit those segments.
What is Layer 5 and its meaning?
Session Layer
This layer is responsible for building, maintaining. destroying connections.
Normally logical ports.
common protocol RPC/Netbios
What is Layer 6 and its meaning?
This is the presentation Layer
Responsible for formatting and securing the data with encryption.
What is Layer 7 and its meaning?
Application Layer
provides application services to the network. and service advertisement for available services on a network.
What is the TCP/IP Stack?
Application
transport
Internet
Network Interface
What does network interface map to in OSI model
layer 1 and 2
What does internet map to in OSI model?
Layer 3
What does Transport map to in OSI model ?
Layer 4
What does Application map to in the OSI model?
Layer 5,6,7
