Memory Organization layout Flashcards

1
Q

List the Memory Organizations

and there levels

A
  1. Registers Level 0
  2. Cache Level 1
  3. Main Memory Level 2
  4. Disk Level 3
  5. Magnetic Disk Level 4
  6. Magnetic Tape Level 5
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Memory Layout

A

Heap
Stack
Static
Code(Text)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Heap

A

is large free memory that could be used by a program. Also know as dynamic memory. Which is one data structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Stack

A

is where functions call and local variables are located

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Static

A

Global variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Code(Text)

A

is where the instructions are

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Types of registers

How to tell the difference between sizes

A

Data Registers

Pointer Registers

Index Registers

16 bit is 2 digits
32 bits has “E” in front of the 2 digits
64 bits has “R” in front of the 2 digit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

AX & Type of Register

A

Primary Accumulator it is used for input and output and most arithmetic instructions

Data Registers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

BX & Type of Register

A

Based register as could be sued in indexed addressing

Data Registers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CX & Type of Register

A

Counter register. Stores the loop count

Data Registers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

DX & Type of Register

A

Data Register used for input output like AX a resister along with DX for multiply and divide operations involving large values.

Data Registers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

SI & Type of Register

A

Source Index - It is used as a source index for string operations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

DI & Type of Register

A

Destination Index - It is used as a destination index for string operations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

OF & Type of Register

A

Overflow Flag (OF) − It indicates the overflow of a high-order bit (leftmost bit) of data after a signed arithmetic operation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

DF & Type of Register

A

Direction Flag (DF) − It determines left or right direction for moving or comparing string data. When the DF value is 0, the string operation takes left-to-right direction and when the value is set to 1, the string operation takes right-to-left direction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

IF & Type of Register

A

Interrupt Flag (IF) − It determines whether the external interrupts like keyboard entry, etc., are to be ignored or processed. It disables the external interrupt when the value is 0 and enables interrupts when set to 1.

17
Q

TF & Type of Register

A

Trap Flag (TF) − It allows setting the operation of the processor in single-step mode. The DEBUG program we used sets the trap flag, so we could step through the execution one instruction at a time.

18
Q

SF & Type of Register

A

Sign Flag (SF) − It shows the sign of the result of an arithmetic operation. This flag is set according to the sign of a data item following the arithmetic operation. The sign is indicated by the high-order of leftmost bit. A positive result clears the value of SF to 0 and negative result sets it to 1.

19
Q

ZF & Type of Register

A

Zero Flag (ZF) − It indicates the result of an arithmetic or comparison operation. A nonzero result clears the zero flag to 0, and a zero result sets it to 1.

20
Q

AF& Type of Register

A

Auxiliary Carry Flag (AF) − It contains the carry from bit 3 to bit 4 following an arithmetic operation; used for specialized arithmetic. The AF is set when a 1-byte arithmetic operation causes a carry from bit 3 into bit 4.

21
Q

PF & Type of Register

A

Parity Flag (PF) − It indicates the total number of 1-bits in the result obtained from an arithmetic operation. An even number of 1-bits clears the parity flag to 0 and an odd number of 1-bits sets the parity flag to 1.

22
Q

CF & Type of Register

A

Carry Flag (CF) − It contains the carry of 0 or 1 from a high-order bit (leftmost) after an arithmetic operation. It also stores the contents of last bit of a shift or rotate operation.

23
Q

Name the 3 types of Segments

A

Code Segment
Data Segment
Stack Segement

24
Q

Code Segment

A

It contains all the instructions to be executed. A 16-bit Code Segment register or CS register stores the starting address of the code segment.

25
Data Segment
It contains data, constants and work areas. A 16-bit Data Segment register or DS register stores the starting address of the data segment.
26
Stack Segment
It contains data and return addresses of procedures or subroutines. It is implemented as a 'stack' data structure. The Stack Segment register or SS register stores the starting address of the stack.