Nervous Tissue 5

Question 1

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 1

• the function of the autonomic nervous system is to maintain body homeostasis the internal environmnet of the body
• consists of three divisions: Sympathetic Nervous System; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Enteric Nervous System

Question 2

Autonomic versus Somatic Nervous System

Answer 2

Function: Somatic- adjust to external stimuli; Autonomic- adjust to internal stimuli
Control: Somatic- voluntary; Autonomic- involuntary
Effectors: Somatic- skeletal muscles; Autonomic- Cardiac & Smooth muscles and glands
No. of Neurons from CNS to target organ: Somatic- one; Autonomic; Two
Neurotransmitters: Somatic- Acetylcholine (Ach); Autonomic- Acetylcholine, Norepinephrine, eprinephrine, dopamine
Receptors: Somatic- Nicotinic; Autonomic- Nicotinic, Alpha 1,2,Beta 1,2, M 1-5, D 1,2

Question 3

Ganglia

Answer 3

• a collection of cell bodies of neurons outside the central nervous system known as ganglia
• develop from the neuroectoderm- derived in neural crest cells that migrate to the sites early in development
• Ganglia two main types: 1. Sensory ganglia: craniospinal group; Autonomic ganglia: visceral, motor ganglia
• Location: Sensory ganglia- present on the dorsal nerve roots of spinal nerves; Autonomic Ganglia: consists of collections of cell bodies visceral efferent motor neurons

Question 4

Sympathetic Chain ganglia

Answer 4

• form a bilateral segmental series which extends from the skull to the coccyx along the lateral aspect of the vertebral column

Question 5

Collateral ganglia

Answer 5

• consist of the celiac ganglia, aorticorenal ganglia, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia

Question 6

Parasympathetic Ganglia

Answer 6

• scattered throughout the body, and are always located in or near the organs they innervate