Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Nervous Tissue > Flashcards

Nervous Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What is a satellite cell?

A
  • a Glial cell of the PNS
  • found on only Ganglia
  • surround cell bodies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do satellite cells do?

A

provide metabolic support to neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are Glial cells?

A

Cells that support nerve cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do Schwann cells provide myelination?

A
  • concentric layers of Schwann cell plasma membrane
  • (lipid rich) myelin sheath of an axon provided by many Schwann cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do Schwann cells surround unmyelinated neurons?

A
  • one or more axons invaginated into a Schwann cell
  • ensheathment continued along the neuron by multiple Schwann cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does myelination increase speed of conductance?

A
  • segments of myelination separated by nodes of Ranvier
  • action potential jumps from node to node (saltatory conduction)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Outline the structure of a neuron

A
  • dendrites; branched structures that carry the impulse towards the cell body
  • soma; contains organelles and nucleus
  • axon; long fibre that carries the impulse away from the soma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Outline synaptic transmission…

A
  • action potential causes vesicles containing NT to fuse with pre-synaptic membrane
  • NT enters synaptic cleft by exocytosis
  • NT binds to receptors on post synaptic membrane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are Ependymal cells?

A
  • Glial cells of the CNS
  • found lining ventricles (brain) and central canal (spinal cord)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do Ependymal cells do?

A

Produce, secrete, absorb and propel CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are microglia?

A

phagocytotic glia that are active in regions of injury and inflammation (CNS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are Oligodendrocytes?

A

Glia that myelinate segments of multiple axons in the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are Astrocytes?

A
  • physical and metabolic support for CNS
  • regulates microenvironment
  • forms blood-brain barrier
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a multipolar neuron?

A
  • a neuron with with a single axon and multiple dendrites
  • can receive large amounts of information
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a bipolar neuron?

A

a nerve cell that has one axon and one dendrite, with the cell body between the two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are pseudo-unipolar neurons?

A
  • a neuron with one development from the cell body that develops into 2 axons
  • NO dendrites
17
Q

What type of neurons are pseudo-unipolar?

A

sensory

18
Q

What do spinal nerves contain?

A
  • myelinated and unmyelinated neurons
  • sensory and motor nerves
  • connective tissues and coverings
  • blood vessels and lymphatics
19
Q

How are peripheral neurons arranged?

A
  • Axon
  • Myelin sheath
  • Endoneurium
  • Peripheral Nerve Fibre
  • Fascicle
  • Perineurium
  • Epineurium
  • Nerve and Blood Vessels
20
Q

What are Ganglia?

A

collections of neuronal cells outside of the CNS

21
Q

Describe the cell bodies of neurons in ganglia…

A
  • large and spherical
  • surrounded by satellite cells
  • pale nuclei
22
Q

What are the 2 types of sensory nerve endings?

A
  • free nerve endings (no myelin sheath)
  • encapsulated nerve endings
23
Q

Give 3 examples of encapsulate nerve endings…

A
  • Pacinian Corpuscles; detect pressure and vibration
  • Meissner’s Corpuscles; detect discriminatory touch
  • Muscle Spindle; detect stretch in skeletal muscle
24
Q

Describe the ending of a motor nerve…

A
  • axon terminal divides, each part terminating on a different skeletal muscle fibre.
  • ## myelin sheath lost, Schwann cell remains
25
Q

What impacts how many skeletal muscle fibres1 motor neuron innervates?

A

depends on the precision of movement needed

26
Q

What does the endoneurium become continuous with at motor nerve endings?

A

the endomysium

27
Q

What is a motor unit?

A

1 motor neurone and all the muscle fibres it innervates

28
Q

What does white matter comprise of?

A
  • ascending/descending tracts of myelinated neurons
  • glia
29
Q

What does grey matter comprise of?

A
  • cell bodies
  • unmyelinated neurons
  • glia
30
Q

How is white and grey matter arranged in the brain?

A

central region: white matter
outer layer: grey matter
deep aggregations of grey matter (nuclei)

31
Q

How is white and grey matter arranged in the spinal cord?

A

central region: grey matter
Outer layer: white matter

Anatomy (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions