FoM:L8- skin

Question 1

What are the functions of skin?

Answer 1

• protection
• thermoregulation
• excretion
• vitamin D synthesis
• sensory reception

Question 2

What are the 3 layers of skin?

Answer 2

• epidermis
• dermis
• hypodermis

Question 3

What is the epidermis?

Answer 3

• superficial layer
• stratified squamous keratinised epithelium

Question 4

What are the 5 sub layers of the epidermis?

Answer 4

• stratum basale (stem cells)
• stratum spinosum (prickle cell layer)
• stratum granulosum (granules)
• stratum lucidum (ONLY IN THICK SKIN)
• stratum corneum (dead cells)

Question 5

What are melanocytes?

Answer 5

pigment producing cells, with cellular processes

Question 6

What layers make up the dermis?

Answer 6

• papillary: loose connective tissue
• reticular: dense irregular connective tissue

Question 7

What are dermal papilla?

Answer 7

areas of the papillary layer of the dermis that interdigitate with epidermal ridges

Question 8

What is the hypodermis?

Answer 8

• adipose tissue
• attaches skin to underlying structures
• insulation
• major vessels and nerves

Question 9

What are skin appendages?

Answer 9

• develop from epidermis and extend into dermis and hypodermis
• hair and hair follicles
• glands
• nails

Question 10

What are hair follicles? Hair bulb? and Hair?

Answer 10

• down-growth of epidermis
• terminal dilation of hair follicle with matrix
• keratinised outgrowth

Question 11

What are eccrine sweat glands?

Answer 11

• abundant
• coiled tubular glands
• thermo-regulation, protection and excretion

Question 12

What are apocrine sweat glands?

Answer 12

• limited
• coiled tubular glands, wider limen
• functional at puberty

Question 13

What are sebaceous glands?

Answer 13

• acinar glands
• waterproofing and production (sebum)
• between hair follicles and arrector pili
• holocrine (secretion by apoptosis)