NERVOUS SYSTEM TEST WOOT WOOT Flashcards
neuroglia cells
help maintain a healthy environment for the nervous system
astrocyte
CNS/ main blood barrier/ structural support/ regulate fluid/ repair damaged neural tissue/ guide developing neurons
oligodendrocytes
CNS/ structural support of neurons/ form myelin sheaths
microglia
removes waste/pathogens/cellular debris/phagocytosis
ependymal
assists in circulating/monitoring the cerebrospinal fluid (csf)
satellite
regulates the exchange of nutrients/wastes between the cell bodies and the ecf
schwann
forms the myelin sheets around the axons/ aid the regeneration of nerves
autosympathetic
ANS
motor (efferent) division
brain—->body/ CNS—–>PNS
peripheral nervous system
body—–>brain/ cranial (12) + spinal (31 pairs)/ afferent
central nervous system
brain + spinal chord
somatic motor division
controls skeletal muscle
axon
carries action potentials away from the soma
soma
cell body
neuron
has graded potentials and action potentials/ electrically excitable
synaptic terminals
both ends of the synaptic bulb/ branch off the axon
dendrites
carry graded potentials towards the soma
axon hillock/ trigger zone
where the soma meets the axon/ where the graded potential has to get to in order to produce an action potential
multipolar neurons
mostly in CNS
interneurons
integration
motor of efferent neurons
brain—>body
pseudounipolar
most sensory
bipolar neurons
taste hear see
sensory/afferent neurons
body—–>brain
graded potentials
amplitude dependent/ have mechanical, ligand, and voltage gated channels/ have to have a strong enough stimulus to cause an AP
action potential
not amplitude dependent
leakage channels
always open/ potassium and sodium/ diffusion/ nongated
sodium/ potassium pumps
active transport/ help maintain concentration gradient of the cell
voltage gated channels
respond to the overall voltage of the cell
mechanically gated channels
respond to pressure or vibration
