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Sports Med > Nervous System Test > Flashcards

Nervous System Test Flashcards

0
Q

Nucleus

A

Cell body inside of a neuron

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1
Q

Neuron

A

Basic structural unit of the nervous system

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2
Q

Dendrites

A

Nerve fibers that carry impulses toward the cell body

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3
Q

Axon

A

A single nerve fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body

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4
Q

Myelin sheath

A

A lipid covering that increases the rate of transmission

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5
Q

Synapse

A

Spaces between neurons

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6
Q

Ventricles

A

Hello spaces that connect with each other

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7
Q

Brain

A

Protected by membrane and skull

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8
Q

Cerebrum

A

Largest/highest section of the brain responsible for reasoning, memory, judgment

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9
Q

Cerebellum

A

Below back of cerebrum responsible for muscle coordination and balance

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10
Q

Diencephalon

A

Located between cerebrum and midbrain

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11
Q

Thalamus

A

Recognizes pain and temperature

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12
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Responsible for anger, fear, pain, affection

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13
Q

Midbrain

A

Also known as the brainstem and responsible for Eye and auditory reflexes

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14
Q

Pons

A

Below midbrain in brainstem and responsible for respiration

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15
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Lowest part of the brainstem and responsible for swallowing and coughing

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16
Q

Spinal cord

A

Continues from and ends at first or second lumbar

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17
Q

Three layers of the meninges

A

Dura matter, arachnoid membrane, Pia matter

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18
Q

Function of the meninges

A

Cover and protect the brain and spinal cord

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19
Q

Two functions of cerebrospinal fluid

A

Circulates continually between the ventricles and through the subarachnoid

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20
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Consists of the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system

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21
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Consists of 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves

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22
Q

Homeostasis

A

Balanced state

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23
Q

Paraplegia

A

Paralysis and then lower extremity/lower part of the body caused by spinal cord injury

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24
Q

Encephalitis

A

Inflammation of the brain caused by a virus

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25
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid

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26
Q

Neuralgia

A

Nerve pain

27
Q

Cerebrovascular accident

A

Stroke, brain attack in the blood flow to the brain

28
Q

Epilepsy

A

Severe seizures syndrome

29
Q

Cerebral palsy

A

Disturbance in voluntary muscle action

30
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

Depression of brain activities

31
Q

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A

Degenerative neuromuscular disease

32
Q

Nervous system functions

A

Communicate, control, homeostasis

33
Q

Central nervous system composition

A

Brain and spinal cord

34
Q

Dura matter

A

Tough fibrous membrane that lies next to the skull

35
Q

Arachnoid membrane

A

Delicate layer with many silk like tissue strands

36
Q

Pia matter

A

Loose tissue that covers the brain and in case is the blood vessels that supply to the brain

37
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid

A

Fluid around the brain and spinal cord which acts as a cushion

38
Q

Four paired lobes of the cerebrum

A

Frontal, parietal, Temporel, occipital

39
Q

Three things controlled by the cerebrum

A

Reasoning, emotion, sensory perception

40
Q

Three things controlled by the cerebellum

A

Balance, coordination, and posture

41
Q

Three things the Medulla oblongata controls

A

Respiration, heartbeat, temperature

42
Q

The peripheral nervous system is made up of…

A

Cranial and spinal

43
Q

Afferent

A

Send it to central nervous system

44
Q

Efferent

A

Send to muscle and glands

45
Q

The autonomic nervous system regulates…

A

Cardiac, smooth, glands

46
Q

The autonomic nervous system consists of…

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

47
Q

Reflex

A

A fast predictable automatic response to protect the body

48
Q

Basic structural unit of the nervous system

49
Q

Combination of many nerve fibers outside of the brain and spinal cord

50
Q

Regulates heartbeat and respiration

A

Medulla oblongata

51
Q

Coordinate muscles balance and posture

A

Cerebellum

52
Q

Center of reasoning thought and memory

53
Q

Conducts impulses between brain parts in control some eye reflexes

54
Q

Mass of nerve tissue protected by the school

55
Q

Membrane covering brain and spinal cord

56
Q

Hollow space is located in the brain

A

Ventricles

57
Q

Division of autonomic nervous system that acts in time for emergency

A

Sympathetic

58
Q

How many axons carry impulses to a cell body

59
Q

Where do efferent nerves carry messages to

A

Brain and spinal cord

60
Q

What do connecting nerves carry

A

Sensory and motor messages

61
Q

Cerebral palsy

A

Description: disturbance involuntary muscle action
Cause: lack of oxygen
Signs and symptoms: exaggerated reflexes
Cure: None

62
Q

Cardiovascular accident

A

Description: blood flow to the brain is blocked
Signs and symptoms: weakness, paralysis, dizziness
Cure: depends on type, clotbusting drugs

63
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Description: chronic progressive disability condition degeneration of myelin sheath
Signs and symptoms: double vision, weakness, fatigue
Cure: Physical therapy, steroids, psychological counseling

64
Q

Neuralgia

A

Description: nerve pain
Signs and symptoms: information, pressure, toxing
Cure: eliminating cause of pain

Sports Med (17 decks)

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