Nervous System: PNS

Question 1

Cauda Equina

Answer 1

Nerve starting at lower end of SC and its spinal nerves

Question 2

Spinal Nerve

Answer 2

• Made up of a ventral & dorsal root

Question 3

Ventral Root

Answer 3

Contains only MOTOR neurons (from SC)

Question 4

Dorsal Root

Answer 4

Contains only SENSORY neurons (to SC)

Question 5

Spinal nerves split into what?

Answer 5

Rami (Ramus)

Question 6

Dorsal Ramus

Answer 6

• Goes projects to back of body

- Collects info from muscles/skin, sends info to muscles/skin

Question 7

Ventral Ramus

Answer 7

• Projects to front of body

- Connect to muscles & glands

Question 8

Ganglion

Answer 8

Sensory neuron cell bodies

Question 9

Nerve Plexus: What is it?

Answer 9

Group of nerves travelling to/from same direction

Question 10

Nerve Plexus: Types

Answer 10

• Cervical Plexus
• Brachial Plexus
• Lumbar Plexus
• Sacral Plexus

Question 11

Cervical Plexus

Answer 11

Innervate muscle/skin of neck, upper shoulders

Question 12

Brachial Plexus

Answer 12

Innervate entire arm

Question 13

Lumbar Plexus

Answer 13

Innervate thigh/leg via femoral nerve

Question 14

Sacral Plexus

Answer 14

Innervate skin of leg/foot

Question 15

Phrenic Nerves: R & L

Answer 15

• Comes from cervical plexus

- Important in controlling diaphragm

Question 16

Dermatomes (skin) good to determine SC injury

Answer 16

• Sensory neurons (project into SC)

Question 17

Myotomes (muscle)

Answer 17

• Motor neurons (come from SC via ventral root)

Question 18

Divisions of PNS: Direction of Flow

Answer 18

• Afferent (sensory)

- Efferent (motor)

Question 19

Divisions of PNS: Somatic and Automonic

Answer 19

Somatic: project to skeletal muscles (voluntary)

Autonomic: projection to periphery (involuntary)

Question 20

Reflex

Answer 20

• Action that results from impule through reflex arc, leads to predictable response (muscle contraction or glandular secretion); subconscious

Question 21

Classification of Reflex Arc: Number of Neurons

Answer 21

• 2 neuron reflex arc: 1 sensory, 1 motor neuron

- 3 neuron reflex arc: 1 sensory, 1 interneuron, 1 motor

Question 22

Classification of Reflex Arc: Location of processing center

Answer 22

• Cranial: Processing center in brain

- Spinal: Into SC and out of SC

Question 23

Classification of Reflex Arc: Effector Tissue (where motor/efferent neurons project to)

Answer 23

• Somatic: contraction of skeletal muscle

- Autonomic: contraction of smooth/cardiac muscle

Question 24

Contralateral Reflex Arc

Answer 24

Receptors on different sides of body

Question 25

Ipsilateral Reflex Arc

Answer 25

Receptors on same side of body

Question 26

Cranial Nerves: How many?

Answer 26

12

Question 27

Olfactory Nerve (I)

Answer 27

SENSORY; receives info from nasal mucosa

Question 28

Optic Nerve (II)

Answer 28

SENSORY; info. from retinal neurons; proprioception (awareness of body position)

Question 29

Oculomotor Nerve (III)

Answer 29

MOTOR; Controls eye muscles; autonomic fibers regulate amoung of light entering eye

Question 30

Trochlear Nerve (IV)

Answer 30

MOTOR; superior oblique (eye)

Question 31

Trigeminal Nerva (V)

Answer 31

MIXED; sensory: input from skin and mucosa of head and teeth motor: chewing/jaw move

Question 32

Abducens Nerve (VI)

Answer 32

MOTOR; lateral rectus (eye)

Question 33

Facial Nerve (VII)

Answer 33

MIXED motor: muscles of face and scalp sensory: taste senstaion

Question 34

Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII)

Answer 34

SENSORY receives input about hearing and equilibrium

Question 35

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)

Answer 35

MIXED Sensory: gets sensation from tongue and pharynx Motor: projects to tongue/ sinus/ pharynx

Question 36

Vagus Nerve (X)

Answer 36

MIXED - main nerve of parasymp. NS Sensory: input from pharynx, larynx, cardiac, lungs, GI tract Motor: sends out to cardio, lungs, GI. *Regulates heart, resps, digestion

Question 37

Accessory Nerve (XI)

Answer 37

MOTOR; proprioceptor input, controls head and shoulder movement

Question 38

Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)

Answer 38

MOTOR Controls tongue

Question 39

Nerve Order Mem

Answer 39

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Question 40

Sens/Motor/Both Mem

Answer 40

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