Cardiovascular (The Heart) Flashcards
The Heart: Layers
- Pericardium
- Myocardium
- Endocardium
Pericardium
- Fibrous Pericardium: tough, loose-fitting sac
- Serous pericardium: Parietal layer inside fibrous pericardium
- Pericardial space: bw. visceral and parietal layers - provides protection against friction
Myocardium
Thick, contractile middle layer; compressed heart cavities and blood
Endocardium
Delicate inner layer of endothelial tissue; protects myocardium from contact with blood
Chambers of the Heart
Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle
Atria (Atrium)
Not very thick; little pressure needed to move blood short distances
Auricle
Earlike flap protruding from each atrium increasing volume of blood that the atria can contain
Ventricles
Thicker; great force needed to pump blood further
Left ventricle wall thicker than right; pushes blood farther
Flow of Blood Through the Heart
LA - LV - systemic circ - RA - RV - pulmonary circ.
Atria: Blood Flow
“Receiving chambers”, receive blood from veins
Ventricles: Blood Flow
“pumping chambers”, push blood into large network of vessels
Valves of the Heart
- Open: when pressure in the first compartment is higher than that of the second
Close: when pressure in the second compartment is higher than that of the first; prevent blood from moving backwards
Atrioventricular (AV) Valve: Location
bw. atria and ventricles
Semilunar (SV) Valves: Location
bw. ventricles and great vessels
Atrioventricular Valves
- Tricuspid Valve (Right AV valve)
- Bicuspid (mitral) valve